GIS를 활용한 생태민감성 분석 및 평가 연구 -경주시 대상으로- (Ecological Sensitivity Analysis and Evaluation Using GIS: A Case Study of Gyeongju City)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국환경과학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국환경과학회지 / 34권 / 1호 / 9 ~ 23페이지
· 저자명 : 왕정, 허상현

초록

Ecological sensitivity, which refers to the degree of ecosystem response to external disturbances, serves as a critical framework for regional environmental protection and sustainable development. This study focused on Gyeongju, South Korea, a historical city with rich natural and cultural resources, that has faced increasing ecological pressures owing to rapid urbanization in recent years. By integrating the geographic information system (GIS), remote sensing technologies, and analytic hierarchy process (AHP), this study developed an ecological sensitivity evaluation framework based on six ecological factors: slope, aspect, elevation, water buffer zones, vegetation coverage index, and land use types. The weights of these factors were determined using the AHP method, and a composite ecological sensitivity map was generated through GIS overlay analysis. Furthermore, the spatial clustering characteristics of ecological sensitivity were explored using global Moran's I and local hotspot analysis. The results indicate that Gyeongju exhibits high overall ecological sensitivity with notable spatial heterogeneity. High-sensitivity areas are primarily distributed in the mountainous regions on the eastern and western sides, as well as in the southern highlands, characterized by high vegetation coverage and steep slopes. Low-sensitivity areas are concentrated in urban centers and plains. Among the factors, vegetation coverage index (0.4576) was identified as the most influential, followed by land use types (0.1992) and water buffer zones (0.1295). The global Moran's I index of 0.930 revealed a strong positive spatial autocorrelation, with hotspots concentrated in the eastern and western regions and parts of the northern and southern areas and coldspots predominantly located in urban and plain regions. This study enhances the scientific robustness and applicability of ecological sensitivity assessments by combining GIS and AHP with spatial autocorrelation analysis, providing scientific foundational data for environmental protection and land-use planning in Gyeongju.

영어초록

Ecological sensitivity, which refers to the degree of ecosystem response to external disturbances, serves as a critical framework for regional environmental protection and sustainable development. This study focused on Gyeongju, South Korea, a historical city with rich natural and cultural resources, that has faced increasing ecological pressures owing to rapid urbanization in recent years. By integrating the geographic information system (GIS), remote sensing technologies, and analytic hierarchy process (AHP), this study developed an ecological sensitivity evaluation framework based on six ecological factors: slope, aspect, elevation, water buffer zones, vegetation coverage index, and land use types. The weights of these factors were determined using the AHP method, and a composite ecological sensitivity map was generated through GIS overlay analysis. Furthermore, the spatial clustering characteristics of ecological sensitivity were explored using global Moran's I and local hotspot analysis. The results indicate that Gyeongju exhibits high overall ecological sensitivity with notable spatial heterogeneity. High-sensitivity areas are primarily distributed in the mountainous regions on the eastern and western sides, as well as in the southern highlands, characterized by high vegetation coverage and steep slopes. Low-sensitivity areas are concentrated in urban centers and plains. Among the factors, vegetation coverage index (0.4576) was identified as the most influential, followed by land use types (0.1992) and water buffer zones (0.1295). The global Moran's I index of 0.930 revealed a strong positive spatial autocorrelation, with hotspots concentrated in the eastern and western regions and parts of the northern and southern areas and coldspots predominantly located in urban and plain regions. This study enhances the scientific robustness and applicability of ecological sensitivity assessments by combining GIS and AHP with spatial autocorrelation analysis, providing scientific foundational data for environmental protection and land-use planning in Gyeongju.

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