Siza in Seoul – Hilberseimer’s ‘Metropolisarchitecture’ and Two Parallel-slab Block Designs by Siza, Castanheira and Kim

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국공간디자인학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국공간디자인학회 논문집 / 17권 / 1호 / 23 ~ 34페이지
· 저자명 : 미구엘 보르게스 데 아라우조

초록

(Background and Purpose) Porto-based, worldwide recognized architect Alvaro Siza (1933-) has recently worked in a series of projects in Asia. This study derives from the conviction that without the support of a theory it would be difficult to explain the diversity and the quality of Siza’s practice. In order to work in an unknown large city on the other side of the world, Siza relies among other approaches on the knowledge and transformation of the Modern Movement theory and tradition. The study proposes one reference as a starting point: Ludwig Hilberseimer (1885-1967) 1927 book Großstadtarchitektur/ Metropolis architecture. From this theoretical basis, it proceeds to analyze two case studies in Korea by Siza, Carlos Castanheira and Jong Kyu Kim: the Yonsei University Business School (2006, not built) and the Amorepacific Research & Development Centre (2007-2011). By discussing these still unstudied projects in connection with one relevant architecture theory book one might get a better understanding of the value of Siza’s architecture. (Method) The choice of Hilberseimer’s theory as reference is partly arbitrary but plausible. Metropolisarchitecture combines analyses of the city from the macro scale to the building element, critics, and alternative design propositions ranging from concepts to schemes. For the understanding of Siza’s designs, one of the productive ideas discussed by Hilberseimer is that of a parallel-slab block type. In a parallel-slab block, a new relationship with nature is established and the space between buildings becomes decisive. (Results) Siza’s designs are close studied on the basis of the published drawings and a site visit. Both the Amorepacific laboratory building and the Yonsei school building share the structure of a parallel-slab block with a long open courtyard between regular prisms. In the Amorepacific, the structure is compacted to a maximum: the interiors of the laboratory are sealed but lit from a vertical slit. The building is suspended on pilotis, thus promoting a relation to the green area. In the Yonsei, Siza adapts the parallel-slab block to the sloping topography. In contrast to the simple volumes, wood is introduced as a unifying element in the facades that give to the courtyard, suggesting a link to Korean crafts. (Conclusions) Siza works in Seoul essentially in the same way as he works in Porto or elsewhere. The dialogue between theory and practice, and Hilberseimer and Siza, supports the relevance of the Modern Movement theory and tradition continues to have today. Siza understands and transforms these ideas. Siza’s two designs in Korea expand and particularize them into specific site, programmatic and productive-cultural conditions.

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