서정인의 <강>에 나타난 공간 구조의 특징과 의미 (The characteristics and meaning on the spatial structure in Seo Jeong-In's )

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 어문연구학회
· 수록지 정보 : 어문연구 / 81권 / 159 ~ 187페이지
· 저자명 : 김민옥

초록

본고는 서정인 소설 <강>을 텍스트로 선정하여 공간 구조의 특징과 의미를 살피고 작가 의식을 고찰하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 소설에 나타난 공간 구조의 특성과 공간의 의미를 파악하여 서정인 소설의 특징을 밝히는 작업이 서정인 문학 세계를 확인해 볼 수 있는 중요한 방법이 될 수 있다고 생각했기 때문이다. 이를 위해 맘그렌이 제시한 서사적 공간 이론을 거시적 차원에서 원용했고 미시적 차원에서 서사 구조를 분석한 후 점, 선, 면의 공간성 개념을 적용하였다.
서정인은 <강>에서 서사의 부재 속에서도 다양한 인물들이 보이는 초라한 모습을 통해 삶에 대한 쓸쓸한 인식을 제시하면서도, 이 모든 것이 통합되는 서사 공간과 서술 공간을 마련하여 이들에 대한 연민과 위안의 시선을 보내는 작가의식을 드러내고 있다. 삶을 적극적이거나 능동적으로 살아가지 못하는 소시민의 무기력하고 쓸쓸한 모습을 객관적인 시선으로 차분하게 그려내면서도 이들에 대한 연민과 위안의 시선을 소설 공간 안에 담아내고 있는 것이다.

영어초록

This study selected Seo Jeong-In's novel <The River> in order to investigate the spatial structure's characteristics and its meanings and to contemplate the author's awareness seen in the novel, because the investigator thought that the work identifying Seo Jeong-In's novel's characteristics by recognizing the spatial structure's characteristic and its meaning would be an important method to identify the author's literature world. For this purpose, this study quoted Malmgren's narrative space theory from the macroscopic term, and analyzed the novel's narrative structure from the microscopic term, and then applied the spatial concepts of points, lines, and planes to the novel. Additionally, in order to discuss the narrative space, this study divided into the narrative space's layers into the 'narratival space' and the 'narrational space' and tried to analyze the novel. The work comprehensively investigating the 'narratival space's characteristics and meanings and those of narrational space will become a methodology to view an author's works from a consistent viewpoint.
Looking into the narratival space's characteristics and meanings, the narratival space in the novel <The River> minimized the narration caused from the absence of conflicts and the successive list of actions, but as the actions were gradually being developed in the latter half, the meanings were gradually created. Besides, the start point was oppositively juxtaposed with the arrival point around the life line being compared to the river, and the both points were gradually integrated into a point.
The bus reflecting the plane's spatiality is a symbolic space that controlled the figures' consciousness through its conflicting attributes of stop and movement and showed the excluded people's stagnant life appearances. The 'inn' can be said as a symbolic space that the horizontal life that the figures had gone through on earth was integrated with the vertical eyes being symbolized as the embracement, that is, the earthly life was integrated with the heavenly world. The spaces showing the life's spatiality were the road and the river. The road space exercised the narrative space implying this novel's format and its theme through the flow being expressed as a line. The river can be considered as another form of road, and implies the time flow for figures to live through. The 'road' and the 'river' were the narrative spaces revealing the fact that it was the life that the vulgar, common figures coexisted and flew toward one point.
Looking into the narrational space's characteristics and meanings, various minds of people being familiar with the life frustrations and disappointments were appeared in mix with several figures' voices. Such a mixing description freely moved through main figures' views and minds and gradually focused on them in order, and that was repeated in the circle shape and was eventually integrated into the starting point. That takes the function giving the even view to each figure, not appearing the narrator in front as much as possible. Besides, such intentional, elaborate narrative tool's strategies present exceptional senses of tense and balance to this novel which was absent any tangible narration.
Besides, the narrator made the past into the present time utilizing the technique making the time as a space and integrated the physical time into a point which some snow fell, leading to see Mr. Kim living in an alienated life from the real world and various figures' appearance in pitiful eyes.
Like that, while he suggested the tragic consciousness on the life through various figures' miserable appearances, Seo Jeong-In revealed the author's awareness sending his pitiful and comforting view toward them by utilizing the spatial structure integrating the all narrations and the descriptive technique distributing the even view to the all figures.

참고자료

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