팀의 특성과 팀 효능감 간 관계에 대한 TMS의 매개효과 (The Mediating Role of TMS in the Relationship between Team Characteristic and Team Efficacy)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국경영학회
· 수록지 정보 : 경영학연구 / 46권 / 1호 / 213 ~ 233페이지
· 저자명 : 오원경

초록

본 연구는 팀의 특성과 팀 효능간 관계에 대한 TMS의 매개효과를 살펴보고자 하였다. 먼저, 팀의 과업 특성을 나타내는 과업 상호의존성, 팀 구성원들의 기질적 특성을 나타내는 학습 목표지향성 그리고 관계적 특성을 나타내는 팀 응집성이 TMS에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 다음으로는 TMS가 팀이 과업을 성공적으로 수행할 수 있을 것이라는 구성원들의 믿음을 나타내는 팀 효능감에 미치는 효과를 살펴보고, 마지막으로 팀의 특성과 팀 효능감 사이의 관계를 TMS가 매개하는지를 살펴보았다. 자료수집기간은 2013년 10월부터 11월까지 약 2달에 걸쳐 설문지 응답법을 통해 이루어졌고, 최종적으로 49개 팀, 237명으로부터 설문지를 회수하여 최종 통계분석에 사용하였다. 실증분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다, 첫째, 과업상호의존성, 학습 목표지향성, 팀 응집성은 각각 TMS에 정적인 유의미한 관계를 갖는다. 둘째, TMS는 팀 효능감에 정적인 유의미한 관계를 갖는다. 셋째, TMS는 과업상호의존성, 학습 목표지향성 및 팀 응집성과 팀 효능감 간 관계에 있어 유의미한 매개효과를 갖는다는 것을 밝혔다.

영어초록

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of TMS in the relationship between team characteristics and team efficacy. Wegner(1987) defined that “TMS is the way that groups process and structure information and as the shared division of cognitive labor regarding group members' encoding, storing, and retrieving of information.” Thus, TMS is a team cognitive process (Kozlowski and Ilgen, 2006), capturing team members' combining of individuals' distributed knowledge and utilizing each other's expertise. It consist of three aspects: specialization, credibility, and coordination (Moreland, 1999).
In work settings, TMS affected by team environments, yet team characteristics such as task interdependence, team members' learning goal orientation and team cohesion have not received attention. Therefore, we predict that task interdepdence, team learning goal orientation and team cohesion will be positively associated with TMS. Also, we expect TMS as antecedents of team efficacy. Furthermore, we propose that TMS will mediate the relationships between team characteristics and team efficacy.
The analysis was carried out from November, 2013 until December, 2013. To test these hypothesis, we collected survey-based data from 237 members and 49 teams. The independent variables used in paper are task interdependence, learning goal orientation and team cohesion, the mediation variable is TMS, and the dependent variable is team efficacy.
The results of the empirical analysis are as follows; First, task interdependence was positively related to team's TMS. Furthermore, team members' learning goal orientation and team cohesion were positively related to team's TMS. These findings suggest that team characteristics affect TMS. Second, TMS was linked to team efficacy. Third, TMS mediated the team characteristics - team efficacy links. These findings of the present study provide important theoretical and practical implications for team research.
The limitation of this study can be summed up as follows; The first concerns the validity of our measures. Our hypotheses were tested using self-reported data, which may raise concerns regarding common method bias. Future researchers may use objective measures such as performance as dependent variable. Second, because of the use of cross-sectional data, conclusions on causal order cannot be drawn. Our study implies that team characteristics precedes TMS. However, it is possible that the relationship between team characteristics and TMS is reciprocal or that it is the reverse of what we have theorized. Future researchers may test causal effects by using longitudinal research designs. The use of longitudinal research designs can also help to examine the development of TMS over time.

참고자료

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