Ⅰ. 서 론
1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적
최근 들어 청소년들 사이에 ‘한손의 인터넷’ 혹은 ‘내 손안의 컴퓨터’라고 불리는 스마트폰의 사용과 보급이 꾸준히 증가하고 있다. 스마트폰은 SNS, 인터넷, 동영상, 카메라, 게임, 네비게이션 등의 다양한 서비스와 즉시성, 휴대성이라는 편리성을 기반으로 가입자수가 폭발적으로 증가하고 있다. 스마트폰이란 휴대전화에 인터넷 통신과 정보검색 등 컴퓨터 지원 기능을 추가한 지능형 단말기로서 사용자가 원하는 애플리케이션을 설치할 수 있는 것이 특징이다(Shin, 2014; Shin, Back, 2013). 즉 스마트폰은 기존의 일반폰과 다르게 인터넷 기능이 강화된 것이라고 할 수 있다.
미래창조과학부(2015) 조사결과를 보면 2015년 4월 말 기준으로 우리나라 스마트폰 가입자 수는 약 4200만명을 넘어서고 있고, 청소년들의 경우 초등학생의 49%, 중학생의 85%, 고등학생의 84%가 스마트폰을 보유하고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 이것은 초등학생은 2명중 1명이, 중․고등학생은 대부분이 스마트폰을 가지고 있음을 의미한다.
청소년들이 스마트폰을 이용하여 가장 많이 사용하는 서비스는 카카오톡, 틱톡, 카카오스토리, 페이스북, 트윗, 밴드 등과 같은 SNS 서비스가 전체 약 40%로 가장 높은 것으로 나타났고, 게임이 15.6%, 전화통화가 14.8% 순으로 나타났다. 이 중에서 초등학생은 게임이 25.7%로 가장 높았고, 중학생은 SNS가 45%로 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 초기 청소년들의 스마트폰 주요 사용이 게임이나 SNS를 중심으로 이루어지고 있음을 의미한다. 그러나 순위를 무시하고 빈번하게 사용하는 서비스는 단연 SNS 서비스인 것으로 나타났다. Kim(2014), Kim(2013), Kim(2015),Shin(2014), Shin, Lee, Kim(2014), Choi, Lee, Ha(2013) 등의 연구에 의하면 스마트폰 사용 청소년 중 98.0%가 SNS 서비스를 이용하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.
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