전생애 애착과정으로 본 한국부부의 사랑 : 대부모 애착, 부부애착과 부부사랑과의 관계

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국교류분석협회
· 수록지 정보 : 교류분석과 심리사회치료 연구 / 3권 / 1호
· 저자명 : 박의순

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참고문헌

초록

본 연구는 Sternberg의 사랑의 삼각형이론을 바탕으로 부인의 관점에서 한국 부부관계의 사랑의 유형을 분류하여 사랑의 실체와 특성이 어떠한지 밝히고, 애착이론의 전생애적 관점으로 부부사랑이 어떻게 변화하고 발달하는지를 부부애착과 대부모 애착과의 관계를 규명하여 부부사랑 준거변인인 결혼만족도와의 관계를 살펴보았다. 부부간의 사랑이 어떤 것이며 어떻게 발달하는가를 과학적으로 연구하는 것은 부부사랑의 실체를 규명해 줄 뿐 아니라 부부관계의 질을 높이는데 도움이 된다. 연구대상은 서울시에 거주하는 20-69세의 기혼 부인으로 분석에 사용된 표본수는 661명이었다. 연구 결과는 첫째, 한국부부의 사랑은 충만한 사랑, 미온적 사랑, 빈약한 사랑으로 분류되었으며 책임감, 친밀감, 열정 요소로 구성되어 서구사회의 사랑과 공통점을 보여주었다. 둘째, 결혼기간이 짧고, 가족생활주기가 초기이며, 교육수준이 높은 경우에 부부간 충만한 사랑의 경향이 높다. 셋째, 부부의 애착유형은 불안정-회피애착은 매우 낮은 반면, 안정애착의 비율이 높게 나타났다. 부부간 충만한 사랑유형은 부부간 안정애착 유형과 관계가 있고, 미온적 사랑유형은 불안정-양가 애착유형과, 빈약한 사랑유형은 불안정-회피 애착유형과 관계있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 부모와의 안정애착이 부부의 충만한 사랑과 부모와 불안정애착은 부부간 빈약한 사랑과 관계를 보였다. 다섯째, 부부애착이 불안정한 집단은 부부애착이 부모애착과 부부사랑을 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 가족생활주기와 교육수준을 통제한 후에도 부부애착과 부부사랑은 직접적인 관계를 보였다.

영어초록

This study explores how wives perceive the connections among couple's love styles, love components and the attachment toward each other and their parents. Sternberg's(1986) Triangular theory of love and Bowlby's(1963) theory of attachment have been applied to test these relationships. Subjects in the study were 661 married women in Seoul, ranging in age from 20 to 69 years. Major findings of the study were as follows. First, three styles of love have been emerged; full love, lukewarm love and poor love. About 40% of the subjects endorsed their love styles as full love 17% were as lukewarm love and the rest were as poor love. Full love was characterized by high score on each love component consisting of intimacy, passion and commitment. The poor love was characterized by the lowest score on each component. The amount of three component in three style of love were different. Second, the styles of love was found to change of the family life stage and educational level. Full love was the love styles most strongly associated with early stage of family life, short duration of marriage and higher educational level. On the other hand later family life stage longer marital life and less education were related to poor love. Third, three types of attachment between couples and attachment towards their parents were classified ; 79% were secure, 15% were avoidant and 5.7% were anxious/ambivalent. For attachment toward their fathers, 63% of married women were classified themselves as secure, 21% avoidant, and 15% anxious/ambivalent. The proportions obtained in the attachment toward their mothers revealed that 79% were secure, 15% avoidant and 6% anxious/ambivalent. Majority of married women perceived to have secure relationships both with their spouse and parents. Fourth, the love styles with the spouse was associated with the type of attachment with the spouse. While full lovers was related to secure type of attachment and the poor lovers were related to avoidant group. Furthermore, love style was also linked to the attachment styles with their parents, full love was linked to secure style of attachment with their parents. These results supported the stability of attachment styles as developed infancy through to the adult years. Fifth, of those in avoidant group with the spouse, the relationships between the love styles with the spouse and the attachment with the parents were mediated by the attachment with the spouse suggesting change or discontinuity of the attachment developed in early stage of life. Married women who have changed from secure to avoidant attachment were characterized by adult attachment. As a result, the study supported Bowlby's views on both continuity and change in attachment behavior. The study also accounted for the association between adult love and attachment infancy and adult attachment conceptualizing the love as attachment process.

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