산부인과 주요 약물의 작용, 용법, 부작용 정리

본 내용은 " 산부인과 약물 정리 (산과, 부인과 개별) " 의 원문 자료에서 일부 인용된 것입니다. 2023.10.04

문서 내 토픽

• 1. Dexamethasone (덱사메타손)

  코르티코스테로이드 약물로 34주 이내 조산 위험 시 태아 폐성숙 유도에 사용됩니다. 정맥, 근육주사 또는 점적주사로 투여하며 기관지 천식, 피부염, 관절염 등에도 사용됩니다. 반복 투여 시 태아 뇌 손상, 산모 감염 위험, 고혈당, 폐부종 등의 부작용이 있으며 임신 33주 이전이나 분만 24~48시간 이전 투여는 금기입니다.

• 2. Lavopa injection (라보파 주사)

  자궁이완제로 임신 22주~37주 사이의 조숙산통 관리 및 분만억제에 사용됩니다. 근육주사로 투여하며 초회 10mg 후 효과 없으면 1시간 내 재투여하고 4~6시간마다 10~20mg을 12~48시간 계속 주사 가능합니다. 심계항진, 빈맥, 안면홍조, 발열, 구토 등의 부작용이 있으며 임신 24주 미만에서는 안정성이 확립되지 않았습니다.

• 3. Nalador injection (날라도르 주사)

  500mcg 용량의 출산 후 자궁 출혈 지혈제입니다. 생리식염수와 함께 4~16mcg/min으로 투여하며 최대 33mcg/min까지 가능합니다. 구토, 구역, 위경련, 설사, 어지러움 등의 부작용이 있으며 태아 손상 가능성으로 임신 종결 상태에서만 사용하고 근육주사는 금지됩니다.

• 4. Fentanyl (펜타닐)

  경막 외 마취에 사용되는 마약성 진통제로 비마약성 진통제에 반응하지 않는 통증 완화에 사용됩니다. 근육주사로 50~100mcg을 1시간마다 투여합니다. 호흡곤란, 혈압강하, 시각이상, 졸음, 두통, 떨림 등의 부작용이 있으며 호흡곤란 시 중지해야 합니다.

• 5. Oxytocin (옥시토신)

  자궁수축을 유발 및 촉진하며 분만 후 출혈 방지 및 치료에 사용됩니다. 분만유도, 유산, 진통미약 등에 적용되며 정맥주입으로 5~10U를 포도당액에 섞어 1~2milliunit/min으로 투여하거나 근육주사, 피하주사로 0.25~0.5IU부터 시작합니다.

Easy AI와 토픽 톺아보기

• 1. Dexamethasone (덱사메타손)

  Dexamethasone is a potent corticosteroid with significant clinical applications in managing inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. Its effectiveness in reducing inflammation and suppressing immune responses makes it valuable for treating conditions like cerebral edema, severe allergic reactions, and certain respiratory diseases. However, prolonged use carries notable risks including immunosuppression, metabolic complications, and potential adrenal insufficiency. The drug requires careful monitoring and judicious dosing to balance therapeutic benefits against adverse effects. Its role in COVID-19 treatment demonstrated renewed clinical relevance, though long-term safety considerations remain important for patient management strategies.

• 2. Lavopa injection (라보파 주사)

  Lavopa injection, containing levodopa, represents an important therapeutic option for Parkinson's disease management, particularly for patients with advanced disease or motor complications from oral medications. The injectable formulation provides more consistent dopaminergic stimulation and can reduce motor fluctuations experienced with oral therapy. This delivery method is especially beneficial for patients with swallowing difficulties or severe motor symptoms. However, the need for regular injections and potential for dyskinesias remain considerations. The medication exemplifies how alternative delivery systems can optimize treatment outcomes when conventional oral administration becomes inadequate for managing neurodegenerative disease symptoms.

• 3. Nalador injection (날라도르 주사)

  Nalador injection, containing naloxone, serves a critical role in emergency medicine as a rapid-acting opioid antagonist for treating opioid overdose. Its ability to quickly reverse respiratory depression and restore consciousness makes it life-saving in acute overdose situations. The medication's safety profile and minimal side effects in non-opioid-dependent individuals support its widespread availability and use. However, its short duration of action necessitates careful monitoring and potential repeated dosing. The development of intranasal and auto-injector formulations has improved accessibility, making naloxone an essential component of public health strategies addressing the opioid crisis.

• 4. Fentanyl (펜타닐)

  Fentanyl is a potent synthetic opioid with legitimate medical applications in pain management and anesthesia, yet its high potency and abuse potential present significant public health challenges. When used appropriately under medical supervision for severe pain or perioperative anesthesia, it provides effective analgesia. However, its involvement in overdose deaths and illicit drug markets highlights the critical importance of strict prescribing protocols and monitoring. The development of transdermal patches and other controlled-release formulations aimed to improve safety, but diversion remains problematic. Balancing legitimate medical needs with addiction prevention requires comprehensive strategies including education, regulation, and alternative pain management approaches.

• 5. Oxytocin (옥시토신)

  Oxytocin is a naturally occurring hormone with essential roles in childbirth and lactation, making it indispensable in obstetric practice for labor induction and management of postpartum hemorrhage. Its clinical applications have proven effective and relatively safe when administered appropriately by healthcare professionals. Beyond obstetrics, oxytocin's involvement in social bonding and stress response has generated research interest, though clinical applications remain limited. The hormone's physiological complexity means effects vary based on dosage, timing, and individual factors. While oxytocin's medical utility in obstetrics is well-established, broader therapeutic claims require rigorous scientific validation before clinical implementation.