[정신건강간호학] 조현병 약물 정리 보고서

본 내용은 " [정신건강간호학] 조현병 약물 정리 보고서 " 의 원문 자료에서 일부 인용된 것입니다. 2023.05.21

문서 내 토픽

• 1. Ativan (Lorazepam)

  Ativan (Lorazepam)은 급성 불안, 급성 흥분, 급성조증 등의 증상 치료에 사용됩니다. 주요 부작용으로는 구역, 구토, 설사, 변비, 권태감, 무력감 등의 근긴장 저하, 섬망, 혼미, 신경과민, 기억상실증, 수면장애(과다수면), 공격적 반응 등이 있습니다.

• 2. Diazepam (Valium)

  Diazepam (Valium)은 불안, 긴장 등의 증상 치료에 사용됩니다. 중증의 경우 5~10mg, 경증 또는 중증도의 경우 2~5mg을 IV 또는 IM으로 투여하며, 필요에 따라 3~4시간 후 반복 투여할 수 있습니다. 주요 부작용으로는 졸음, 휘청거림, 어지러움, 두통, 요실금, 언어장애, 드물게 진전, 다행증 실신 등이 있습니다.

• 3. Peridol (Haloperidol)

  Peridol (Haloperidol)은 조현병, 조증, 정신병적 장애 증상 치료에 사용됩니다. 1일 6~15mg을 분할 근주하며, 가능한 경구제로 대체합니다. 주요 부작용으로는 흐린시야, 고프로락틴혈증, 유방장애(무월경, 유방통증 등), 배뇨장애, 지속발기증, 말초부종 등이 있습니다.

• 4. Abilify (Aripiprazole)

  Abilify (Aripiprazole)은 조현병, 양극성장애와 관련된 급성 조증 및 혼재삽화, 주요우울장애 치료에 사용됩니다. 초회 1일 1회 10mg 또는 15mg으로 시작하며, 1일 10~30mg 내에서 조정합니다. 주요 부작용으로는 구역, 구토, 변비, 두통, 어지러움, 정좌불능증, 불안, 불면증, 안절부절, 혈중 인슐린 증가, 고혈압 등이 있습니다.

• 5. Alpram (Alprazolam)

  Alpram (Alprazolam)은 불안장애의 치료 및 불안증상의 단기완화에 사용됩니다. 1회 0.25~0.5mg, 1일 3회로 개시하며, 1일 최대 4mg까지 투여할 수 있습니다. 주요 부작용으로는 우울증, 혼돈상태, 방향감장애, 성욕감소, 변비, 구강건조, 피로, 과민성, 저혈압, 시야 흐림, 신경과민, 실신, 어지러움, 정좌불능, 구갈, 코막힘, 체중증가/감소, 피부염, 알레르기 등이 있습니다.

• 6. Cymbalta (Duloxetine)

  Cymbalta (Duloxetine)은 주요우울장애와 범불안장애 치료에 사용됩니다. 1일 1회 60mg으로 시작하며, 필요시 1주간 1회 30mg씩 증량할 수 있습니다. 최대 1일 120mg까지 투여할 수 있습니다. 주요 부작용으로는 과민장애, 고혈당, 식욕 감소, 탈수, 저나트륨 혈증, 항이뇨호르몬분비이상증후군, 간대성근경련증, 좌불안석증, 신경과민, 주의력 장애, 미각이상, 녹내장, 현기증 등이 있습니다.

• 7. Invega (Paliperidone)

  Invega (Paliperidone)은 조현병과 조현정동장애 치료에 사용됩니다. 조현병의 경우 성인 1일 1회(아침) 6mg으로 시작하며, 증량 시 최소 5일 간격으로 1일 3mg씩 증량할 수 있습니다. 조현정동장애의 경우 성인 1일 1회(아침) 6mg으로 시작합니다. 주요 부작용으로는 두근거림, 눈의 건조, 복통, 소화불량, 입 마름, Bundle branch 차단, 구역 등이 있습니다.

• 8. Lithium Carbonate

  Lithium Carbonate는 조증, 조울증의 예방과 치료에 사용됩니다. 1일 0.6~0.8mg을 3회 분할 경구 투여합니다. 리튬 중독 시 주요 증상으로는 구역, 구토, 설사, 식욕부진, 연하곤란, 근육연축, 운동장애, 운동실조, 무력감, 어지러움, 발열, 발한, 언어장애, 착란 등이 있습니다.

• 9. Solian (Amisulpride)

  Solian (Amisulpride)은 정신분열병(조현병) 치료에 사용됩니다. 400mg 이하인 경우 1일 1회 경구 투여하며, 400mg 이상인 경우 1일 2회 분할 투여합니다. 주요 부작용으로는 무과립구증, 양성뇌하수체종양, 저나트륨혈증, 불면, 불안, 추체외로 증상, 변비 등이 있습니다.

• 10. Peniramin (Chlorpheniramine)

  Peniramin (Chlorpheniramine)은 코감기에 의한 재채기, 콧물, 기침 등의 증상 치료에 사용됩니다. 1일 2~6mg을 2~4회 경구 투여합니다. 주요 부작용으로는 저혈압, 심계항진, 재생불량성빈혈, 간염, 황달, 근허약, 두드러기, 발진 등이 있습니다.

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• 1. Ativan (Lorazepam)

  Ativan (Lorazepam) is a benzodiazepine medication commonly used to treat anxiety, insomnia, and other conditions. It works by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, which can have a calming and sedative effect. While Ativan can be an effective short-term treatment, it carries a risk of dependence and addiction, especially with prolonged use. Patients should be closely monitored by their healthcare providers when taking Ativan, and the medication should be tapered off gradually to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Additionally, Ativan can interact with other medications and may not be suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions. Overall, Ativan should be used cautiously and under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

• 2. Diazepam (Valium)

  Diazepam, also known as Valium, is another benzodiazepine medication that is commonly prescribed for the treatment of anxiety, muscle spasms, and alcohol withdrawal. Like Ativan, Diazepam works by enhancing the effects of GABA in the brain, leading to a calming and sedative effect. However, Diazepam also carries a risk of dependence and addiction, especially with long-term use. Patients should be closely monitored by their healthcare providers when taking Diazepam, and the medication should be tapered off gradually to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Additionally, Diazepam can interact with other medications and may not be suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions. Overall, Diazepam should be used cautiously and under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

• 3. Peridol (Haloperidol)

  Peridol, also known as Haloperidol, is an antipsychotic medication primarily used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. It works by blocking the action of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that plays a role in the development of psychotic symptoms. While Peridol can be effective in managing psychotic symptoms, it also carries a risk of significant side effects, including extrapyramidal symptoms (such as tremors, muscle stiffness, and restlessness), sedation, and cardiovascular effects. Patients taking Peridol should be closely monitored by their healthcare providers, and the medication may not be suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions or who are taking other medications. Overall, Peridol should be used cautiously and under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

• 4. Abilify (Aripiprazole)

  Abilify, also known as Aripiprazole, is an atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. Unlike traditional antipsychotics, Abilify works by partially agonizing and antagonizing dopamine and serotonin receptors in the brain, which can help to regulate mood and cognitive function. Abilify is generally well-tolerated, with a lower risk of extrapyramidal symptoms compared to older antipsychotics. However, it can still cause side effects such as weight gain, akathisia (restlessness), and metabolic changes. Patients taking Abilify should be closely monitored by their healthcare providers, and the medication may not be suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions or who are taking other medications. Overall, Abilify can be an effective treatment option for certain mental health conditions, but it should be used cautiously and under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

• 5. Alpram (Alprazolam)

  Alpram, also known as Alprazolam, is a benzodiazepine medication used to treat anxiety, panic disorders, and insomnia. Like other benzodiazepines, Alpram works by enhancing the effects of GABA in the brain, leading to a calming and sedative effect. However, Alpram also carries a high risk of dependence and addiction, especially with prolonged use. Patients taking Alpram should be closely monitored by their healthcare providers, and the medication should be tapered off gradually to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Additionally, Alpram can interact with other medications and may not be suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions. Overall, Alpram should be used cautiously and under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional, and alternative treatment options should be considered whenever possible.

• 6. Cymbalta (Duloxetine)

  Cymbalta, also known as Duloxetine, is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) medication used to treat depression, anxiety, and certain types of chronic pain. Cymbalta works by increasing the availability of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain, which can help to regulate mood and alleviate pain. While Cymbalta can be an effective treatment option, it also carries a risk of side effects, including nausea, dizziness, dry mouth, and constipation. Patients taking Cymbalta should be closely monitored by their healthcare providers, and the medication may not be suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions or who are taking other medications. Overall, Cymbalta should be used cautiously and under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

• 7. Invega (Paliperidone)

  Invega, also known as Paliperidone, is an atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Paliperidone works by blocking the action of dopamine and serotonin in the brain, which can help to regulate mood and cognitive function. While Invega can be an effective treatment option, it also carries a risk of side effects, including weight gain, metabolic changes, and extrapyramidal symptoms. Patients taking Invega should be closely monitored by their healthcare providers, and the medication may not be suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions or who are taking other medications. Overall, Invega should be used cautiously and under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

• 8. Lithium Carbonate

  Lithium Carbonate is a mood stabilizer medication primarily used to treat bipolar disorder. It works by regulating the balance of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, which can help to stabilize mood and prevent the extreme highs and lows associated with bipolar disorder. While Lithium Carbonate can be an effective treatment option, it also carries a risk of side effects, including tremors, nausea, and kidney or thyroid problems. Patients taking Lithium Carbonate should be closely monitored by their healthcare providers, and the medication may not be suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions or who are taking other medications. Overall, Lithium Carbonate should be used cautiously and under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

• 9. Solian (Amisulpride)

  Solian, also known as Amisulpride, is an atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Amisulpride works by blocking the action of dopamine in the brain, which can help to regulate mood and cognitive function. While Solian can be an effective treatment option, it also carries a risk of side effects, including weight gain, extrapyramidal symptoms, and hyperprolactinemia (elevated prolactin levels). Patients taking Solian should be closely monitored by their healthcare providers, and the medication may not be suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions or who are taking other medications. Overall, Solian should be used cautiously and under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

• 10. Peniramin (Chlorpheniramine)

  Peniramin, also known as Chlorpheniramine, is an antihistamine medication used to treat allergy symptoms such as sneezing, itching, and runny nose. Unlike the other medications discussed, Peniramin is not a psychoactive drug, but rather a medication that works by blocking the action of histamine, a chemical released by the body during an allergic reaction. While Peniramin is generally well-tolerated, it can cause side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, and dry mouth. Patients taking Peniramin should be cautious when engaging in activities that require alertness, and the medication may not be suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions or who are taking other medications. Overall, Peniramin should be used as directed by a healthcare provider and in accordance with the medication's instructions.