Global warming 지구온난화 영어레포트

소개

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목차

1. Introduction
1.1. What is global warming?

2. The scientific background
2.1. A simple model
2.2. The radiation balance of Earth and atmosphere
2.3. The natural greenhouse effect
2.4. Other planets
2.5. The enhanced greenhouse effect

3. The past climate record
3.1. The 20th century
3.2. The last thousand years

4. Greenhouse gases
4.1. Carbon dioxide
4.2. Methane
4.3. Nitrous oxide
4.4. CFCs and ozone

5. The impacts of climate change
5.1. The complexity of impact assessment
5.2. Sea-level rise

6. The future challenge

※References

본문내용

1. Introduction
1.1. What is global warming?
Global warming has become familiar to many people as one of the most important environmental issues of our day. This review will describe the basic science of global warming, its likely impacts both on human communities and on natural ecosystems and the actions that can be taken to mitigate or to adapt to it. As commonly understood, global warming refers to the effect on the climate of human activities, in particular the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas) and large-scale deforestation—activities that have grown enormously since the industrial revolution, and are currently leading to the release of about 7 billion tonnes of carbon as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere each year together with substantial quantities of methane, nitrous oxide and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). These gases are known as greenhouse gases.
The basic principle of global warming can be understood by considering the radiation energy from the sun that warms the Earth’`s surface and the thermal radiation from the Earth and the atmosphere that is radiated out to space. On average, these two radiation streams must balance.

참고자료

· [1] IPCC 2001 Third Assessment Report published in 4 vols: Climate Change 2001, The Scientific Basised J T Houghton et al (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
· IPCC 2001 Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability ed J J McCarthy et al (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
· IPCC 2001 Climate Change 2001: Mitigation ed B Metz et al (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
· IPCC 2001 Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report R TWatson and core writing team (ed) 2001 (Cambridge:Cambridge University Press)
· Also available on IPCC web site, www.ipcc.ch. Two previous comprehensive reports also published by CUP in 1990 and 1995—ee footnote 18.
· [2] Houghton J 2004 Global Warming: The Complete Briefing 3rd edn (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) p 349
· [3] More details of the history can be found in Mudge F B 1997 The development of greenhouse theory of global climate change from Victorian times Weather 52 13–6
· [4] From Kiehl J T and Trenberth K E 1997 Bull. Am. Met. Soc. 78 197–08
· [5] Spectrum taken with the infrared interferometer spectrometer flown on the satellite Nimbus 4 in 1971 and described by Hanel R A et al 1971 Appl. Opt. 10 1376–2
· [6] More detailed information about the enhanced greenhouse effect in Houghton J T 2002 The Physics of Atmospheres 3rd edn (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) chapter 14
· [7] For information about how the records have been put together and how the quality of the data has been investigated see Folland C K et al IPCC 2001 Climate Change 2001, The Scientific Basis (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) chapter 2—lso summarized in Houghton J 2004 Global Warming: The Complete Briefing 3rd edn (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)