사회복지) 장애인의 사회보장

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목차

Ⅰ. 장애인 현황 ··················································································1
1. 인구사회학적 현황 ·············································································1
(1) 일반적 현황································································································1
(2) 교육정도 ···································································································1
2. 경제적 현황 ··································································································2
(1) 가구 소득 및 월평균 임금 ···········································································2
(2) 취업 및 경제활동 참가 ················································································3
Ⅱ. 사회보장 ·····························································································3
1. 사회보장의 개념·······························································································3
2. 사회보장의 범주······························································································4
3. 사회보장의 목적과 원칙 ··················································································4
(1) 사회보장의 목적···························································································4
(2) 사회보장의 원칙···························································································5
Ⅲ. 장애인과 사회보장···············································································5
1. 장애인 소득보장·······························································································6
(1) 사회보험······································································································6
1) 국민연금······································································································7
2) 산재보험······································································································8
(2) 공공부조·····································································································10
(3) 사회수당(장애수당)·······················································································11
(4) 경제적 부담 경감 조치··················································································12
1) 장애인자녀교육비지원제도 ············································································12
2) 장애인자립자금대여제도 ···············································································12
3) 각종 경제적 부담경감시책 ············································································13
2. 장애인 의료보장··························································································16
(1) 장애인 의료비 지원·······················································································16
(2) 장애인 등록 진단비 지급 ················································································17
(3) 장애인 재활보조기구 무료 교부········································································17
(4) 건강보험지역가입자의 보험료 경감···································································18
(5) 장애인 의료재활시설 운영 ··············································································18
(6) 희귀난치성 질환 의료비 지원···········································································19
3. 장애인 고용보장··························································································20
(1) 장애인 고용시설 자금융자 지원········································································20
(2) 고용 장려금 지원···························································································21
(3) 장애인 근로자 융자························································································22
1) 자동차 구입자금 융자··················································································22
2) 직업생활안정자금 융자·················································································22
(4) 장애인 창업자금 융자지원 ·············································································22
1) 자영업 창업자금 융자 ··············································································22
2) 자영업 창업자금 융자···············································································23
4. 장애인재활서비스··························································································20
Ⅳ. 한국 장애인 사회보장의 문제점과 향후 개선방안····································23
1. 사회보험의 한계·······················································································23
2. 공공부조 - 국민기초생활보장법-·······························································24
(1) 까다로운 수급조건과 광범위한 사각지대의 방치········································24
(2) 급여의 불충분성과 사회보장제도의 소득재분배효과 미약·····························24
(3) 차상위계층 또는 근로빈곤층 장애인의 문제················································24
[ 표 목차 ]
<표 1> 2005년도 전국 장애인 추정수········································································1
<표 2〉 교육정도·····································································································1
<표 3> 지역별 장애가구 소득····················································································2
<표 4〉 장애인 가구의 월평균 소득과 지출·································································2
<표 5〉 재가장애인의 연령별 취업 인구 및 취업률(ILO 기준)·······································3
<표 6〉 재가장애인의 사회나 국가에 대한 복지욕구(우선순위)·····················································5
<표 7>국민연금제도의 급여종류 ················································································7
<표 8> 장애연금의 급여수준 ····················································································7
<표 9> 산재보험 급여종류별 수급요건 및 급여수준 ····················································9
<표 10> 장애수당 지급대상·····················································································11
<표 11> 장애인 자녀교육비지원제도 지원 대상··························································12
<표 12> 장애인자립자금대여제도의 대여대상 기준 ····················································13
<표 13> 보건복지부에서 시행하는 사업····································································13
<표 14>기타 중앙행정기관에서 시행하는 사업···························································13
<표 15> 지방자치단체에서 자체 조례에 의거 시행하는 사업·······································14
<표 16> 민간기관에서 자체운영규정에 의하여 실시하는 사업 ·····································15
<표 17> 장애인 의료비 지원 내용··············································································17
<표 18> 장애인 의료비지원 대상 보장구 ····································································17
<표 19> 건강보험지역가입자의 보험료 경감································································18
<표 20> 희귀난치성질환자 의료비 지원······································································19
<표 21> 05년 장애인 공무원 현황··············································································20
<표 22> 2008년도 4/4분기 구직자 수········································································20
<표 23> 장애인 고용 장려금 지원 금액·······································································21
[ 그림 목차 ]
<그림 1> 산재보험 보상 절차···················································································8
<그림 2> 담보 제공시 절차·······················································································21
< 그림 3> 신용보증제도 이용 시 절차 ········································································21
<그림 4> 장애인 창업자금 융자지원 절차····································································22
[ 부록 목차 ]
[부록 1] 장애인 인권 헌장·····················································································26
[부록 2] 2009년 안내 중 주요 변경사항··································································28
[부록 3]재활보조기구 교부신청서············································································30
[부록 4] 2008년 희귀ㆍ난치성질환자 의료비지원 대상 질환····································31

본문내용

Ⅰ. 장애인 현황
1. 인구사회학적 현황
(1) 일반적 현황

2005년 현재 전국의 장애인은 2,148,686명으로 추정되어, 1995년의 1,053,500명에 비해 두 배 이상 증가했다. 이 중 지역사회 거주하는 재가장애인은 2,101,057명이며 시설에 거주하고 있는 시설장애인은 47,629명으로 추정된다(&amp;amp;lt;표1&amp;amp;gt;). 한편 장애인 출현율(인구 100명당 장애인 수)은 4.59%로서 1995년의 2.35%에 비해서 두 배 가까이 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 이렇게 장애인 출연율이 증가하게 된 것은 2003년 7월 기존의 10가지(지체장애, 시각장애, 청각장애, 언어장애, 정신지체, 발달장애, 정신장애, 신장장애, 심장장애)의 장애범주가 15가지(호흡기장애, 간장애, 안면장애, 장루&amp;amp;amp;#8231;요루장애, 그리고 간질장애 등 5종추가)로 증가하면서이다.

-이하 생략-



Ⅳ. 한국 장애인 사회보장의 문제점과 향후 개선방안
실질적으로 우리나라의 경우 장애인만을 특징 지워서 소득보장을 해주는 제도는 거의 없다. 국민기초생활보장제도가 있기는 하지만 이것은 장애인이라는 조건보다 극빈층이라는 전제 하에 주어지는 소득보장제도로 장애로 인해 발생되는 추가비용과 수입감소를 전혀 고려하지 않은 제도여서 장애인을 위한 소득보장제도라고 하기는 부적절하다. 즉 빈곤층을 대상으로 하는 사회보장제도에 장애인을 획일적으로 끼워 넣은 불합리한 소득 보장제도라 할 수 있다.
1. 사회보험의 한계
업무상 재해 또는 사고로 인한 장애를 입은 중도장애인의 소득지원은 가능하지만 장애로 인해 취업자체가 불가능하거나 경제활동을 할 수 없는 장애인은 사회보험 등에 가입할 수 있는 자격요건은 갖추고 있지 않기 때문에 실제로 사회보험 체계 안에서 보호를 받지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 경제활동참가율이 비장애인에 비해 상대적으로 낮고 또한 실업률도 비장애인들보다 7배나 높은 장애인들은 4대 보험(국민연금, 건강보험, 실업보험, 산재보험)에서 소외되어 있다. 따라서 다양한 장애 특성에 기초한 수당이나 연금제도를 실시하여 이들의 최저생계보장에 직접적으로 도움이 되는 소득보장제도의 마련이 시급하다.
2. 공공부조 - 국민기초생활보장법-
우리나라 공공부조의 가장 대표적인 제도가 국민기초생활보장법이다. 그러므로

참고자료

· < 참고문헌 >
· 1. 김용득․ 유동철, 한국장애인복지의 이해, 인간과 복지, 1999
· 2. 박경일, 사회복지정책론, 공동체, 2008
· 3. 장인협 외, 사회복지학, 서울대학교출판부, 2007
· 4. 이인재 외, 사회보장론, 나남출판, 2005
· 5. 정영숙 외, 장애인복지론, 현학사, 2003
· 6. 정무성 외, 현대장애인복지론, 학현사, 2006
· 7. 한국보건사회연구원, 2005년도 장애인실태조사
· 8. 한국보건사회연구원, 2008년도 장애인실태조사
· 9. 강동욱, 한국의 장애인 사회보장에 관한 연구
· 10. 보건복지가족부, 2009년도 장애인복지사업안내