柒浦國의 성립과 변천 (The Formation and Transition of Chilpokuk(칠포국))

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국상고사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국상고사학보 / 61권 / 61호 / 59 ~ 84페이지
· 저자명 : 남재우

초록

칠원지역의 고대국명은 柒浦國이었다. 칠원지역에인간이 본격적으로 거주하기 시작한 것은 청동기시대이다. 이것은청동기시대의대표적인유적인지석묘가광려천변에널리분포하고있음을통해알 수있다. 광려천이남쪽에서북쪽으로흘러낙동강에유입되고그주변의들판은오래전부터사람들이살기에적합한지역이었을것이다. 지석묘의분포는정치권력의출현및성립기반을보여주는것이며이러한청동기사회의모습이변한시기칠포국이성장하는데중요한기반이되었을것이다. 칠포국의 형성시기는 정확히 알 수 없다. 하지만 浦上八國전쟁기사를통해서 볼 때 3세기대에는 칠포국이존재하고있었으므로, 그이전에이미칠포국은성립되었을것이다. 다만인근의骨浦國이나창원다호리지역을중심으로했던 정치집단의 형성과밀접한관련을 가지고있었을것으로 추정되므로 칠포국의 형성은늦어도기원후2세기를넘지는않았을것이다. 칠포국은포상팔국중의하나였고, 두차례의전쟁에모두참여하고있는것으로보아포상팔국중에서도유력한정치집단이었음에틀림없다. 칠포국이포상팔국전쟁에참여했던이유는지속적발전을위한기반이되는농경지확보를위한내륙지역으로의진출이목적이었고, 신라의가야지역으로의진출을막기위한것이었다. 하지만포상팔국전쟁은실패로끝이났다. 이것이칠포국이멸망하게되는이유가되었다.

영어초록

The name of an ancient country in Chilwon was Chilpokuk. In the Bronze Age, people regularly
began to reside in Chilwon. We can know this fact because the dolmens, which is the representative ruins in the Bronze Age, are widely distributed around Gwangryeo Stream. Gwangryeo Stream flows from south to north and into Nakdong River, therefore the plain in and around Gwangryeo Stream was the area suitable for habitation. The distribution of dolmens can show the appearance and formative foundation of political power, and the above situation in the Bronze Age might be an important foundation in Chilpokuk's development in the Pyounhan Age. The formative period of Chilpokuk cannot be exactly known. According to Posangphalkuk's war description, however, Chilpokuk already existed by the 3rd century, it thus appears that Chilpokuk had been established before that. Since it presumes that neighboring Golpokuk or the formation of political party, based in Dahori, Changwon, was losely related to Chilpokuk, the formation of Chilpokuk was by the 2nd century at latest. Chilpokuk was a part of Posangphalkuk, and, in consideration of two participations in the war, it must be a powerful political party in Posangphalkuk. The reasons why Chilpokuk participated in Posangphalkuk's war are as follows: first, the purpose of Chilpokuk was advancing toward inland area to secure farmland, which was foundation for steady growth; second, Chilpokuk wanted to ban Shila from advancing toward Gaya. Posangphalkuk's war ended with its defeat. It caused the destruction of Chilpokuk.

참고자료

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