The Dynamic Process of Cooperation between Renault and Samsung over Renault Samsung Motors (RSM): Can RSM become the future Samsung again?

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초록

Purpose: This paper aims to shed light on the tacit nature of cooperation between partners in an IJV. It includes how cooperation evolves and changes over time and under what circumstances.
Design/methodology/approach: This paper investigated the relationship beween Renault and Samsung at Renault Samsung Motors (RSM). A qualitative research methodology was deemed to appropriately dig into the detail processes by analyzing the backgrounds and motives of forming an IJV, the negotiation process to reach JV agreements, and the gap between the formal agreements and perceptions. In-depth interviews with the key personnel who played central roles at both partner companies and document analyses including the formal JV agreements and internal archives were the main sources of data and information that enriched the contents, and, thus, increased the validity of research findings.
Results/findings: For partners to form and operate within an IJV, the existence of complementary capabilities between partner companies does not necessarily lead to effective cooperation. Similarly, competing capabilities between the partner companies do not always prevent them from effective cooperation. Based on the analysis of Samsung’s ownership and control that have changed over time, this paper investigated the changing patterns of ownership and the control over time which influenced the nature of cooperation between the partners. The finding showed that developing cooperative spirits between the partner companies can prompt the emergence of trust. Trust, in return, breeds effective cooperation. Overall, cooperation will be promoted regardless of the levels of task complexity if trust exists between the partners. Similarly, it is less likely that under-developed cooperative spirits will nurture trust and effective cooperation between the partners.
Research implications/limitations: No matter how the joint venture agreement delineates the nature of cooperation between partners in detail, what matters more is the degree of intention for partners to nurture long-term relationships between the parent companies. In practice, the JV agreement sets out the scope of possible cooperation between parent companies and specifies areas where they can benefit each other. However, as long as the underlying assumptions between parent companies are minimalistic and calculative then effective cooperation cannot be further developed. Additionally, if the interactions between the two companies remained minimal and worked out differently from the joint venture agreements, the relationship between parent companies become distant and the level of trust between them does not grow over time. A typical critic over qualitative research methodology is being applied to this study as it is inherently difficult for the result of a case study to generalize.
Future work/research: This study was conducted as part of the investigation of a three-way cooperation process among Samsung, Renault, and Nissan over RSM. Therefore, it will be worthwhile by updating the latest dynamic aspects of relationships between them.
Originality/value: Due to the restricted access of the parent companies and their timely interactions, it has not been clearly known clearly under what circumstances the cooperation and trust have evloved over time. In this context, this study is rare and contributes to elucidate the dynamic nature and process of cooperation between parent companies within an IJV over time.

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