신라 도성 내 국가제의 공간 연구 －경주 나정 유적을 중심으로－ (A Study on the National Ritual Space in the Silla’s Capital －Focusing on the ruins of Najung(羅井) in Gyeongju－)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 신라사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 신라사학보 / 56호 / 79 ~ 109페이지
· 저자명 : 황인호

초록

신라 시조의 탄강지로 알려진 경주 蘿井 유적에서는 始祖赫居世廟에 상응하는 수혈을 중심에 두고 환호･목책으로 원형 공간을 마련한 1차 제의시설이 확인되었다. 또한 소지왕 9년(487)에 건립된 神宮에 상응하는 2차 원형 건물지가 그 상부에 중첩된 채 확인되었다. 게다가 문무왕 19년(679) 경에 중창된 것으로 보이는 3차 팔각 신궁이 동일한 장소에서 확인됨에 따라 ‘시조묘-신궁-신궁 중창’이라는 연속선상의 계승 관계 설정이 가능하게 되었다.
남산 북서편의 나정 일대는 始祖廟가 조성된 斯盧國 초기에는 건국 세력의 근거지에 속했다가, 신궁으로 개편된 5세기 말에는 月城의 남쪽 교외로 전환되면서 神主 구성이 國始祖와 天神이 결합한 郊廟 성격으로 바뀌었다. 평면 방형의 墻･廊을 두른 팔각 신궁으로 중창된 7세기 말에는 王京 도시 공간의 남쪽 경계에 해당하고, 남쪽 방면 간선도로의 길목에서 도성의 수호신 역할을 하는 랜드마크의 기능도 겸하게 되었다.
679년(儀鳳4년)을 전후하여 월성의 궁역 확대 즉, 滿月城 전환기에 계림 북편의 宗廟 건축과 거의 동시기에 팔각 신궁을 중창함으로써 통일신라의 결속과 정통성을 대내외에 과시했을 것으로 보인다.
도성을 수호하는 王京五岳과 중대 이후 畿內 개발과 함께 주요 교통로를 통제하는 외곽 산지에 산성이 운영되었는데, 이곳에 산천 제사와 기타 국가제의가 이루어져 그 관련성을 살필 수 있다.

영어초록

In the ruins of Najong(羅井), where the founder of Silla was born, the first ritual facility was identified, with a round space at the center of a storage pit corresponding to the Tomb of Park Hyeok-geose(朴赫居世), and with ditch- enclosed and a wooden fence. In addition, it was confirmed that the second circular building site corresponding to the shrine, which was built in the 9th year of King Soji(487), was overlapped. In addition, the third octagonal shrine, which was reconstructed around the 19th year of King Munmu(679) was investigated. Therefore, a continuous line relationship called "Shijomyo(shrine for the founder of a dynasty)-Shingung(Royal Shrine)-Reconstruction of Shingung (Royal Shrine)." was established.
In the early days of Saroguk(斯盧國) that Shijomyo was founded, it belonged to the foundation of the founding power. But At the end of the 5th century, Shijomyo was transformed into the southern suburbs of Wolseong(月城), the composition of the deity changed to the character of a combination of the father of the nation and the god of heaven. At the end of the seventh century which was reconstructed as an octagonal Shingung surrounded by square walls and corridors, it was the southern boundary of the city and served as a landmark that served as the guardian deity of the city on the main road.
During the expansion of Wolseong palace area, that is, the transition period of Manwolseong(滿月城 : a castle of the shape of a full moon), it seems that the unity and legitimacy of the Unified Silla Dynasty were demonstrated at home and abroad, by reconstructing the octagonal shrine almost at the same time as the construction of Royal Ancestor's Shrine(宗廟) at the northern part of Gyerim(鷄林).
The five mountains belief in the capital(王京五岳) protecting the capital and the fortress was operated in an outer mountain area that controls traffic routes with the development of the inner city after the middle Silla, where the Rites for Mountain and Stream and other national rituals were held to examine its relevance.

참고자료

· 없음