일본 전근대도시의 연구 현황 - ‘천년 고도’, 교토를 중심으로 - (Review and Perspective on the Urban History in Premodern Japan : The Case of Kyoto)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 역사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 역사학보 / 207호 / 405 ~ 436페이지
· 저자명 : 박진한

초록

Kyoto is the city in which most of urban historians studying premodern cities of Japan has been deeply interested. Since the establishment of Heian-kyo(平安京), the former name of Kyoto, as the capital of Japan in 794 by the Emperor Kammu(桓武天皇), Kyoto has served as the political,social, and cultural center of Japan until move of the Emperor to Tokyo in 1869. Huge amount of reference material as well as the significance of the capital were fundamental reasons why myriads of researchers have drawn their attention to Kyoto. As a result, Kyoto has been positioned as the exemplar in studies on Japanese premodern cities.
Urban development of Kyoto originated from Heian-kyo. Compared with predecessors such as Fujiwara-kyo(藤原京) or Nagaoka-kyo(長岡京), Kyoto was preeminent example that jobo-sei(条坊制), a grid system whose streets dividing the city into many blocks, has been thoroughly materialized. As plural power blocks(kenmon, 権門) began to govern Kyoto since the tenth century, however, original characteristic of Heiankyo could not help but undergo transition to medieval city.
Meanwhile, it was Toyotomi Hideyoshi who laid the foundation of the early modern city Kyoto, consolidating Kamigyo(upper Kyoto) and Shimogyo(lower Kyoto) in the late senkoku era. Hideyoshi undertook a series of construction works including building up his mansion, Jurakutei.
In the process, spatial segregation of warriors(samurai), commoners and religious institutions, placing a residence of high-rank samurai in the center,catalyzed a transformation of Kyoto into early modern city. Thus,flourishing with splendid court culture and long tradition during the Tokugawa period, Kyoto could keep holding its outstanding status getting abreast of other two major cities of Japan, Edo and Osaka.

영어초록

Kyoto is the city in which most of urban historians studying premodern cities of Japan has been deeply interested. Since the establishment of Heian-kyo(平安京), the former name of Kyoto, as the capital of Japan in 794 by the Emperor Kammu(桓武天皇), Kyoto has served as the political,social, and cultural center of Japan until move of the Emperor to Tokyo in 1869. Huge amount of reference material as well as the significance of the capital were fundamental reasons why myriads of researchers have drawn their attention to Kyoto. As a result, Kyoto has been positioned as the exemplar in studies on Japanese premodern cities.
Urban development of Kyoto originated from Heian-kyo. Compared with predecessors such as Fujiwara-kyo(藤原京) or Nagaoka-kyo(長岡京), Kyoto was preeminent example that jobo-sei(条坊制), a grid system whose streets dividing the city into many blocks, has been thoroughly materialized. As plural power blocks(kenmon, 権門) began to govern Kyoto since the tenth century, however, original characteristic of Heiankyo could not help but undergo transition to medieval city.
Meanwhile, it was Toyotomi Hideyoshi who laid the foundation of the early modern city Kyoto, consolidating Kamigyo(upper Kyoto) and Shimogyo(lower Kyoto) in the late senkoku era. Hideyoshi undertook a series of construction works including building up his mansion, Jurakutei.
In the process, spatial segregation of warriors(samurai), commoners and religious institutions, placing a residence of high-rank samurai in the center,catalyzed a transformation of Kyoto into early modern city. Thus,flourishing with splendid court culture and long tradition during the Tokugawa period, Kyoto could keep holding its outstanding status getting abreast of other two major cities of Japan, Edo and Osaka.

참고자료

· 없음