근대 한일 유의 한자어의 대응과 현대어로의 변화 - 병렬코퍼스를 자료로 - (Correspondence of Sino-Japanese/Korean Words in Modern Japanese and Korean and their Evolution into Contemporary Language)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 일본어문학회
· 수록지 정보 : 일본어문학 / 107호 / 193 ~ 209페이지
· 저자명 : 장원재

초록

本論文は近代の日韓パラレルコーパスから抽出した日本語と韓国語の漢語の対応のうち、AB-CBタイプの「佛人-法人、上陸-下陸、洋底-海底」についての様子を共時的、通時的に考察したものである。 「佛人-法人」は、中国から両語形を日韓それぞれが輸入し使用したが、19世紀末の前後からは日本語は「佛人」が、韓国語は「法人」がより優勢になり、日韓の非同形対応になる。その後、日本語の影響であるかはわからないが、韓国語の「法人」が「佛人」に変化する様子が見られる。一方「上陸-下陸」は両語形が共に中国語には出典が見つからず、それぞれ日本製漢語、韓国製漢語であると判断する非同形対応のタイプである。韓国語の「下陸」は20世紀半ばまで使われ続けていたが、ついに「上陸」に変わるようになる。最後に「洋底-海底」は結果的に日本語の「洋底」が韓国の対応語である 「海底」に変化するタイプの例であるが、19世紀後半から日本語で「洋-」が多く使われていて、それが教科書に影響を与え、『高等小学読本』で採用したと推測している。まだ今後の研究が必要であるが、様々な対応のタイプのものが存在している例として興味深い例である。

영어초록

In this paper, I present an analysis of Sino-Japanese/ Korean words of AB-CB type, such as “佛人–法人”, “上陸–下陸”, and “洋底–海底”, as examples of the correspondence between Sino-Japanese and Sino-Korean words, extracted from a modern Japanese-Korean parallel corpus.
To being with, Japanese and Korean borrowed “佛人” and “法人” from Chinese, but from the late 19th century onward, ”佛人” became dominant in Japanese, and “法人” in Korean. As a result, they became a case of non- identical correspondence between the two languages. At a later point, it is observed that Korean “法人” was changing into “佛人”, though it is not clear whether this change was influenced by Japanese. On the other hand, the pair of “上陸-下陸” does not have a Chinese counterpart. I thus argue that they are Japan-made and Korea-made words, respectively, and that they are a case of non-identical correspondence. Korean “下陸” continued to be used until the mid-20th century, but it was eventually replaced by “上陸”. Finally, the pair “洋底–海底” illustrates a type of change where Japanese “洋底” consequently changed into its Korean counterpart, “海底”. I presume that from the late 19th century, “洋-” had been frequently used in Japanese, and that this influenced textbooks and led to the adoption of “洋-” in the Kōtō Shōgaku Dokuhon ‘Advanced Elementary Reader’.

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