일본어 감정표현의 발화유형 사용양상 (Usage of utterance types of emotional expressions in Japanese)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국일본어학회
· 수록지 정보 : 일본어학연구 / 43호 / 57 ~ 76페이지
· 저자명 : 송연희

초록

本研究では、日本語の基本的感情を喜·怒·好·厭·驚·安·怖·哀·昂·恥の10種に分類し感情表現の発話類型の使用状況及び特徴を分析した。全10種の感情から現れた発話類型の種類は12個であり、大きく「直接感情表出」と「間接感情表出」に分けられる。「直接感情表出」には「感情語感情表出」と「感動詞感情表出」の発話類型を下位範囲とし、「間接感情表出」には「理由説明」「確認要求」「意思表明」「理由質問」「行為改善要求」「警告」「非難」「同意要求」「安堵前心理描写」の発話類型を下位範囲と設定した。まず各感情別に発話類型を見てみると、怒が最も多く発話類型を使用していることに注目できる。多様な発話類型を使用し話者が改善の感情を伝達し現在の感情状況から離れるために多くの努力を言語で表出しているためだと考えられる。喜·好·安など肯定的な感情の場合、発話類型を平均的に使用しており、否定的な感情は怒が9個と最も多く発話類型を使用していたが、他の否定的感情は、4個以下の発話類型が使用されていたことがわかった。厭·怖·哀·昂·恥の否定的な感情の場合は、表現を言語で感情表出をする頻度自体がそれほど高くないため発話類型もまた様々な形で表現できないものと思われる。より精密な感情表現の分析のため実生活の場面から資料を収集し、包括的な表現を対象に考察していくことが今後の課題と思われる。

영어초록

In this study, I discuss the use of utterance types in Japanese, and analyze special features of each type by classifying the basic emotional expressions into joy, anger, happiness, disgust, surprise, relief, sadness, fear, frenzy, and shame. Twelve types of utterances are extracted from these ten types of emotions, which are divided into "Direct emotional expressions" and "Indirect emotional expressions". The former is further subcategorized into ‘Emotional expressions of emotion language’ and ‘Emotionalexpressions of emotion verbs’, and the latter into ‘Explanation of reason’, ‘Demand of confirmation’, ‘Expression of will’, ‘Question of reason’, ‘Demand of prohibition’, ‘Demand to improve the behavior’, ‘Warnings’, ‘Blame’, and ‘Expression of stable psychology’. First of all, it appears that anger expressions are used in most utterance types. This is thought to be due to the fact that speakers make efforts to convey his/her improving emotions in language, and try to escape from the current situation by adopting a variety of utterance types. In this study, the types of positive emotions such as pleasure, good, relief etc. showed a tendency to be relatively widely used in utterance types. It has also been found that the anger of negative emotions is used in 9 types and the remaining negative emotions are used in less than 4. Regarding the emotion of aversion, fear, sadness and frenzy, the cause of the negative emotion may be in the speaker's own experience and may also be in others. Because the frequency of the expression of negative emotions expressed in the Japanese language is not so high, the utterance types are also not so diverse. For the analysis of more precise emotional expressions in future, I think that we need to continue investigating comprehensive expressions by collecting data from real life.

참고자료

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