고바야시 잇사 하이쿠와 후지산 (Mount Fuji in Kobayashi Issa’s Haiku)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 일본어문학회
· 수록지 정보 : 일본어문학 / 84호 / 407 ~ 424페이지
· 저자명 : 유옥희

초록

小林一茶は富士山の俳句を80句ほど残している。本稿ではこれらの作品を、従来の詩歌の文脈に照らし合わせて見る一方、江戸時代当時の富士山信仰(富士講)をも考慮に入れながら一茶にとって富士山は何であったのかということを考察した。江戸時代以前は富士山から遠く離れた上方地方の貴族たちが神仙思想などと結びつけ想像の存在として詠んだり、国の象徴として称えたりしていた。しかし、一茶は、主に関東地方を流浪しながら平地にそびえる富士山を日常的に眺め、また、当時冨士講が民間でブームを成していた傾向にも影響され、富士山から芸術的インスピレーションと生命の力を得ていたと見られる。一茶俳句において富士山は、その雄大さから気概の象徴となったり、小さな生命と富士山が詠み合わせられるときは、権威に屈しない庶民を強調する存在でもあった。また、‘汁の椀にも不二の山’という表現のように、衣食住の生活の中に富士山がよく登場するが、これらは大自然に順応しながら素朴に生きる人間の姿を浮き彫りにする装置として詠まれていることが分かった。

영어초록

Kobayashi Issa left more than 46 pieces of haiku for Mount Fuji. This study considers these works in the context of traditional poetry and the Fuji-ko (Fuji worship) of the Edo era together to examine ‘what Mount Fuji was like to Issa’. Prior to the Edo period, nobles in Kansai, far away from Mount Fuji, often wrote of this mountain as an imaginary figure by associating it with Taoist ideology. However, Issa lived in the Kanto region, overlooking Mount Fuji rising on the plains, and was influenced by the social atmosphere of the Fuji-ko boom at that time, which means he lived a life in close contact with Mount Fuji. In Issa Haiku, Mount Fuji is a being that boosts magnanimity due to its grandeur, and when Mount Fuji is placed in a perspective as viewed by small creatures, it was also a being that emphasized ordinary people who did not feel timid. In addition, Mount Fuji often appears in the life through food and clothing, and as a place to live, as in the example of ‘Mount Fuji reflected in a soup bowl’. In these, Mount Fuji was used as a being that emphasizes the simple human being living in harmony with nature.

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