개화기 교과서 속의 세계와 역사: 만국지리(萬國地理)와 만국사(萬國史)를 중심으로 (New World and Its History in the Textbooks of Enlightment Movement Period: Focusing on World Geography and World History Textbooks)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 서울대학교 비교문화연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 비교문화연구 / 16권 / 2호 / 5 ~ 30페이지
· 저자명 : 김영훈

초록

The Enlightment Period has become a major focus among social scientists today in Korea. The significance of the period is increasingly discussed among scholars for it being the origin of Korean modernity. Expecially, beginning in the late 1990s, a gro Kng number of studies have focused on diverse aspects of early modernity at the turn of 19th century.
In this study, the Enlightment Period is considered to be critical because a new wave of information and knowledge about others began to be introduced to Korean public for the first time. I take the period as the first ‘anthropological' knowledge started to be dispersed among Koreans. The question is then how the early students in the Enlightment Period understood the world and its history.
To answer to this initial question, I selected the early textbooks of world history and world geography of the period and analyzed their characteristics both in contents and forms. The followings are three main findings found among the selected textbooks.
First, the textbooks of the period display a distinctive discontinuity compared to the previous age. By incorporating a modern historicity, the textbooks deny the previous China-centered worldviews and introduce new perspective to measure the progress of human civilization. World civilization was consistently defined by Social Evolutionism of the day.
Secondly, the textbooks of Enlightment Period were heavily influenced by Japanese counterparts. The authors of textbooks of the period were, in most cases, trained in Japan and consequently reiterated Japanese worldview without much reflections on the issue of positioning Korean history properly in the World history.
Finally, the Enlightment Period textbooks display several characteristics of modern printing culture. Instead of writing only in classical Chinese in the earlier period, Korean intellectuals began to use the kukhanmun style. The primary school textbooks between 1896 until 1910 were nearly all published in kukhanmun, which established this style as the standard wirtten form of Korea. However, this change was rather gradual, its impact on educating the public was cannot be overemphasized. Kuhanmun and virtually Kungmun script along with visual designs increased the circulation of modern knowledge and are considered to contribute the very emergence of modern notions of mass society.

영어초록

The Enlightment Period has become a major focus among social scientists today in Korea. The significance of the period is increasingly discussed among scholars for it being the origin of Korean modernity. Expecially, beginning in the late 1990s, a gro Kng number of studies have focused on diverse aspects of early modernity at the turn of 19th century.
In this study, the Enlightment Period is considered to be critical because a new wave of information and knowledge about others began to be introduced to Korean public for the first time. I take the period as the first ‘anthropological' knowledge started to be dispersed among Koreans. The question is then how the early students in the Enlightment Period understood the world and its history.
To answer to this initial question, I selected the early textbooks of world history and world geography of the period and analyzed their characteristics both in contents and forms. The followings are three main findings found among the selected textbooks.
First, the textbooks of the period display a distinctive discontinuity compared to the previous age. By incorporating a modern historicity, the textbooks deny the previous China-centered worldviews and introduce new perspective to measure the progress of human civilization. World civilization was consistently defined by Social Evolutionism of the day.
Secondly, the textbooks of Enlightment Period were heavily influenced by Japanese counterparts. The authors of textbooks of the period were, in most cases, trained in Japan and consequently reiterated Japanese worldview without much reflections on the issue of positioning Korean history properly in the World history.
Finally, the Enlightment Period textbooks display several characteristics of modern printing culture. Instead of writing only in classical Chinese in the earlier period, Korean intellectuals began to use the kukhanmun style. The primary school textbooks between 1896 until 1910 were nearly all published in kukhanmun, which established this style as the standard wirtten form of Korea. However, this change was rather gradual, its impact on educating the public was cannot be overemphasized. Kuhanmun and virtually Kungmun script along with visual designs increased the circulation of modern knowledge and are considered to contribute the very emergence of modern notions of mass society.

참고자료

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