‘東亞’ 트라우마, 제국의 지정학적 공간과 ‘이등신민’의 정치학 (‘Dong-A’ Trauma: Semiotic Politics of ‘Second class Subject’ in Multi-ethnic Manchuria, Geopolitical Space of Japanese Imperialism)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국사회사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 사회와역사(구 한국사회사학회논문집) / 94호 / 217 ~ 259페이지
· 저자명 : 유선영

초록

이 연구는 19세기 중반 이래 중국 동북3성지역(1932년 이후 만주국)으로 이주했던 재만 소수민족 조선인을 모호하게 규정한 ‘이등신민’ 서사가 지정학적 권역으로서 동아시아의 균열선으로 작동하는 양상을 재구성했다. 유동적이고 모호한 범주로서 ‘이등신민’은 東亞제국주의의 인종주의적 기반을 작동시키는 동시에 아시아 제 민족들의 분리, 대립, 적대와 폭력의 균열을 야기하는 고리로 작용했음을 조선, 중국, 제국 일본의 ‘이등신민’에 대한 서로 다른 시선을 통해 구성했다. 이등신민은 東亞의 지정학적 상상 안에서 구성되고 작동했으며 아시아 민족들의 분열과 적대를 점화하는 제국의 장치였다. 이 식민주의 역사 안에서 ‘이등신민’ 또한 사회적 정체성의 한 유형으로 규정될 수 있음을 제시하였다.

영어초록

This research reflects on the ruptured and antagonistic histories of Asian ethnics concomitant in Manchuria or the East-Northern area of China to where Koreans have been migrating since the mid-19th Century. I argue that signification of ‘second class subject’ of the Koreans in Manchuria was made possible at the intersectional site of imperialism, racism, anti-Japanese hostility of the Chinese and opportunistic attitudes of Korean migrants. Antagonism and discord between settler natives and migrants was, in effect, the consequence of imperial governance. Korean migrants as colonized subjects of Japan in Manchuria was not only mobilized as an avant-guard for imperial penetration into China and but also exploited as frontiers cultivating wasted land of Manchuria into arable land for Japanese migrants. In a geopolitical space of East Asian New Order designated and persecuted by Japan, signification of second-class subject of Koreans, meaning inferior to Japanese but superior to Chinese, precisely betrayed the imagined regional idea of East Asia Order.
The second-class subject was circulated as a narrative, presumed assumption, and motivated code for migrant Koreans in Manchuria. It is clear that the code was emblematic of how co-existing multiple ethnicities built social relationships and distinguished themselves from each other within political, economic and social space of Manchuria. For the same reason, Korean migrants as second-class subject render a social type. In this regard, the Korean migrants served for both Asianism and counter-Asian motives while embodying the racism inherent within the Asianist discourse. There were binary oppositions at work apart from that of Japan vs. China or Japan vs. Korea. Ethnic confrontations within the colonized-i.e. between Koreans and Chinese or Koreans and Manchus, criss-crossed with the assumed binary of the colonizer and the colonized.
At this intersections, the Japanese geopolitical vision of East Asia or “Dong-A” was the final instance that has traumatized those people who lived there by haunting them with past experiences and memories of discrimination, violence, antagonism, hatred, suspicion, distrust, terror, and unstable condition of living in the unfamiliar environment to which they newly migrated. This stems from the fact that their native country was a colony. In addition, the trajectory of colonialism/imperialism that had mobilized them overlapped with their national and social identity. In this sense, Manchuria is the site of traumatic memory, composed of respective temporality and spatiality whether of the Empire or the colonies.

참고자료

· 없음