주희의 인식론과 텍스트 편찬방식 이해 -칸트의 인식론적 준거를 중심으로- (An Understanding of Zhu Xi's Epistemology and Text Editing Constitution-Based on Kant's Epistemology-)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국교육사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국교육사학 / 31권 / 2호 / 163 ~ 180페이지
· 저자명 : 정덕희

초록

이 연구는 지식에 관한 주희의 언표들을 칸트의 인식론적 준거에 비추어 이해하였으며, 그것에 따라 성리학의 입문적 텍스트인 『근사록』과 『소학』의 내용체제와 관련된 편찬방식을 분석하였다. 이 연구는 다음의 내용들을 다루었다. 먼저, 객감이라는 감각지각에만 의존하는 장재의 견문지를 주희가 비판하면서 제기한 리의 인식론적 의미를 이해하였다. 둘째, 주희의 비판에서 정이의 덕성지가 배제한 견문의 인식론적 의의와 그것에 따른 외감과 내감의 인식론적 결합방식을 설명하였다. 셋째, 주희에게 있어서 견문지와 덕성지를 관통하여 지식일반을 성립시키는 ‘지각의 리’가 가지는 능동적 작위성의 인식론적 양상을 드러내었다. 마지막으로, 성리학의 입문적 텍스트인 『근사록』과 『소학』의 내용체제와 관련된 편찬방식을 분석함으로써 이들 텍스트에 착종된 두 가지 인식기능의 지향점을 확인하였다.

영어초록

In this study, Zhu Xi(朱熹)'s statements for knowledge was understood founded on epistemological criteria of Kant, also based on this understanding, content structures of introductory text of Xing-Li Xue(性理學) preliminarily analyzed. The results of this study can be summarized as follows.
First, Zhu Xi criticized misunderstanding of Zhang Zai(張載) who eliminated Li(理) from knowledge of experience. This means Zhu Xi indicated that Zhang Zai's knowledge of experience overlooked Li which unite ideas originated from knowledge of experience to ‘a common representation’ by based only on sense perception called Kegan(客感), a sensory organ's responding to objects.
Second, Zhu Xi criticized Cheng Yi(程頤)'s epistemological points ruling out Waigan(外感), responding from exterior objects, from knowledge of moral nature. In other words, Zhu Xi suggested that merely emphasizing Neigan(內感), responding form inside of consciousness, as the case of Cheng Yi results in hollow cognition after all without having Waikan as an object relating with various ideas arising from experience.
Third, configuration of Ch'i(氣) like memory needs Li to be generated as Zhijue(知覺), realizing of principles of objects. And at this occasion, Li was combined with configuration of Ch'i through spontaneity of self-consciousness including ‘reproductive imagination’ and ‘productive imagination’. For this reason, Li indicates spontaneous activity inherent in mind which generates Zhijue, and this activity is revealed as concrete aspects through ‘reproductive imagination’ and ‘productive imagination’.
Fourth, content structures on ‘reflective judgment’ and ‘determinant judgment’ was mixed up in Jinsilu(近思錄) and Xiaoxue(小學) which were initiatively compiled by Zhu Xi. The reason that Zhu Xi mixed up ‘determinant judgment’ which could be seen epistemologically unnecessary or rather harmful to a beginner is that ‘regulatory principle’ is inherent in that. In other words, ‘regulatory principle’ is recognition function prescribing practice, and Zhu Xi intended to give epistemological clue of Jing(敬), realizing the law of nature, which guides and directs hearty practice of human.

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