보호주의에 대비한 한국 첨단산업 국제경쟁력 강화방안에 관한 연구 (A Study on Strengthening International Competitiveness of Korean High-tech Industries for Protectionism)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국무역연구원
· 수록지 정보 : 무역연구 / 13권 / 5호 / 275 ~ 292페이지
· 저자명 : 장선미

초록

This study analyzed the international competitiveness of Korean high-tech industries in the U.S., Japan, and China, all of which are Korea’s major trading partners by using UN comtrade database. In terms of trade volume from 2001 to 2016, China's trade volume increased the 18 times, and Korea’s exports and imports increased by five to seven times during the period. In the case of the U.S. and Japan, the increase in exports was very little, but the increase in imports was significant. As a result of examining the trade specialization index by item, it was found that there were many import-specialized sectors in Korea in general. Specifically, import specialization in the biotechnology industry was very high. In the U.S., nuclear technology and electronic products are found to be export-specialized sectors, while in Japan, export specialization of automatic production and electronic products are high. On the other hand, China is highly specialized in exporting weapons, information and communication technology products. While the U.S. and Japan are losing their overall competitiveness, Korea’s technological competitiveness is increasing while China’s price competitiveness is increasing.
In order to establish and implement effective policies to enhance the competitiveness of high-tech industries, government-led R&D policies should be encouraged to involve private companies, major universities, and government agencies.

영어초록

This study analyzed the international competitiveness of Korean high-tech industries in the U.S., Japan, and China, all of which are Korea’s major trading partners by using UN comtrade database. In terms of trade volume from 2001 to 2016, China's trade volume increased the 18 times, and Korea’s exports and imports increased by five to seven times during the period. In the case of the U.S. and Japan, the increase in exports was very little, but the increase in imports was significant. As a result of examining the trade specialization index by item, it was found that there were many import-specialized sectors in Korea in general. Specifically, import specialization in the biotechnology industry was very high. In the U.S., nuclear technology and electronic products are found to be export-specialized sectors, while in Japan, export specialization of automatic production and electronic products are high. On the other hand, China is highly specialized in exporting weapons, information and communication technology products. While the U.S. and Japan are losing their overall competitiveness, Korea’s technological competitiveness is increasing while China’s price competitiveness is increasing.
In order to establish and implement effective policies to enhance the competitiveness of high-tech industries, government-led R&D policies should be encouraged to involve private companies, major universities, and government agencies.

참고자료

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