식물추출물 마늘 추출액, 잔톡실럼 정유, 레몬그라스 정유 함유 유제 3종의 생태독성평가 (Acute Ecotoxicity Evaluation of 3 Emulsifiable Concentrates Containing Garlic Extract, Zanthoxylum Extract, and Lemon Grass Oil Originated from Plant)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국농약과학회
· 수록지 정보 : 농약과학회지 / 16권 / 4호 / 376 ~ 382페이지
· 저자명 : 유아선, 홍순성, 정미혜, 박경훈, 장희섭, 이제봉, 박재읍

초록

식물추출물 함유(마늘추출액, 잔톡실럼오일, 레몬그라스오일 30%) 유제의 물벼룩급성독성 결과 마늘추출액 함유 30% 유제의 EC50은 3.3 mg L−1로 EPA 기준으로 보통독성정도이었고, 레몬그라스오일, 잔톡실럼(Zanthoxylum)오일 함유 30% 유제의 EC50는 10 mg L−1 이상으로 저독성이었다. 송사리급성독성 시험의 경우, 마늘추출액 함유 30% 유제의 LC50 값이 3.0 mg L−1으로 나타났으며 나머지 두 유제는 모두 10 mg L−1 이상으로 확인되었다. 꿀벌급성독성시험은 접촉과 섭식 시험으로 나누어서 실시하였고, 접촉독성의 경우 모두 100 a.i μg bee-1이상으로 확인되었다. 섭식독성의 경우 마늘추출액 함유 30% 유제의 LD50 값이 44.3 a.i μg bee−1 이었으며 잔톡실럼(Zanthoxylum)오일과 레몬그라스오일 함유 30% 유제의 경우 LD50 값이 100 a.i μg bee−1이상으로 나타나 독성이 낮은 것으로 판단되었다. 지렁이급성독성시험의 경우, 마늘추출액, 잔톡실럼(Zanthoxylum)오일, 레몬그라스오일 함유30% 유제의 LC50 값이 각각 267, 592, 430 mg kg−1 로 나타났는데 이는 제품살포물량을 확정한 뒤 환경추정농도를이용한 위해성평가를 통해 안전성을 확보한다면 친환경 농자재로서 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단하였다.

영어초록

Environment-friendly agro-materials are are likely to be preferred to chemical insecticides recently. For this reason, many studies are conducted to develop environment-friendly insecticides containing natural materials. This study was also conducted so as to assess ecotoxicity for Emulsifiable concentrate (EC)containing 30% of garlic extract or two plant essential oils (Zanthoxylum, Lemongrass) expected to prevent from pests and be used for agro-materials. Target species used to assess acute toxicity were invertebrate (Daphina magna), fish (Oryzias latipes), honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) and earthworm (Eisenia fetida). The EC50 values for of garlic extract 30% EC, Zanthoxylum oil 30% EC and lemongrass oil 30% EC to Daphina magna were 3.3, 10, and 10 mg L−1, respectively. The category of garlic extract 30% EC was moderately toxic, while those of Zanthoxylum oil 30% EC and lemongrass oil 30% EC were slightly toxic according to standard of USEPA. EC50 for both of Zanthoxylum oil 30% EC and lemongrass oil 30% EC were more than 10 mg L−1 then they were considered as slightly toxicity. In case of acute toxicity test to fish, LC50 of garlic extract 30% EC was 3.3 mg L−1. Zanthoxylum oil 30% EC and lemongrass oil 30% EC indicated LC50> 10 mg L−1. Classification of acute toxicity to all test substances was in Korea criteria. Acute contact and oral toxicity test to Honeybee were conducted. As a result, LD50 of all test substances were more than 100 a.i. μg bee−1 in the acute contact test while LD50 of garlic extract 30% EC was 4.4 a.i. μg bee−1 and LD50of Zanthoxylum oil 30% EC and lemongrass oil 30% EC were more than 100 a.i. μg bee−1. In case of acute toxicity test to earthworm, LC50 of garlic extract 30% EC, Zanthoxylum oil 30% EC and lemongrass oil 30%EC were 267, 592, and 430 mg kg−1, respectively. In conclusion, if the safety for earthworm is confirmed,these substances are expected to be use for environment-friendly insecticide materials with low risk against ecosystem and contribute to developing environment-friendly agro-materials.

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