戰國時代 魏의 대외 발전과 大梁 遷都 (The development of Wei and its transfer of the capital to Daliang in the Warring States Period)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 명지대학교(서울캠퍼스) 인문과학연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 인문과학연구논총 / 38권 / 3호 / 193 ~ 226페이지
· 저자명 : 이용일

초록

Both Wei(魏) and Huo(霍) were the initial bases of Weishi(魏氏). However, the time that Weishi took the full charge of Jin's national affairs was the Weijiang(魏絳) period, when it moved to Anyi(安邑) as a base. After Weishi moved to Anyi 6qing(卿) destroyed the Qishi(祁氏) and Yangsheshi(羊舌氏), Jin(晋)'s closeness, and the strength of the Jin Gongshi(公室) was weakened day by day. Afterwards, 4qing (Zhi(知), Han(韓), Wei(魏) and Zhao(趙)) destroyed Fanshi(范氏) and Zhonghangshi(中行氏) again, and Zhao, Wei, Han, Zhishi was destroyed during Weihuanzi(魏桓子).
Weishi then continued to expand on the basis of Anyi, for instance attacking Qin(秦) in the Weiwenhou(魏文侯) period to take the Hexi(河西) area, establishing Hexijun(河西郡), and occupying Zhongshan(中山), and held the position of the early strongest of the Warring States Period. Anyi was geographically disadvantageous in the external development of Weishi. Located in Hedong(河東), Anyi was blocked by Huotaishan(霍太山) to the northern frontier, Taihngshan(太行山) to the east, Huanghe(黃河) to the west, and, thus, the development of the country was restricted.
In addition, the location is surrounded by the three countries of Qin, Zhao and Han, and it is accessible only with one single path of the mountainous area of Shangdang(上 黨), so if Zhao and Han attacked Wei, the path of Shangdang would cut off, and when Qin attacked again, the situation would become very dangerous. For these reasons, Weihuiwang (魏惠王)of Wei transferred its capital to Daliang(大梁) in 361 BC.
In Weiwenhou 22 years (403 BC), Weishi officially came to the rank of Juhou(諸 侯), and jumped into the battlefield of the country. In the case of Weishi, Anyi located in Hedong was geographically disadvantageous for external expansion. Therefore, there was a need to build a city in an area with strong economic characteristics, close to the center of gravity. Daliang was the most appropriate for this geographical condition.
Daliang After the Transferring its capital, Wei made a great socio-economic development. Waihewang opened the Honggou for the development of agricultural production after the Chunduo period, focused on the repair process, proceeded to shrink by using the original lakeshore, and sent the Yellow River water to Tazawa. Under such a geographical environment, Daliang can naturally provide favorable conditions for the development of water transportation and agricultural production, and can promote agricultural development in the Daliang region.
Daliang's handicraft production has also been highly developed. In Daliang there was a domestic craftwork in conjunction with a small farmer, a sole proprietorship craftwork, and an official craftwork.
Overall, Daliang was the prosperous economic city of Daliang during the Weihuiwang period. Also based on the librarian's description, there were 12 castle gates around Dalia, and it can be seen that it was guarded by 300,000 troops and that Dalia Castle was quite large and the construction method was remarkable and also the economy was relatively prosperous. Therefore, after transferring its capital to Dalia, agriculture, handicrafts and commerce both developed very much, which shows that Wei's Daliang transfer was not intended to avoid 'Qin' but to develop Wei's own power.

영어초록

Both Wei(魏) and Huo(霍) were the initial bases of Weishi(魏氏). However, the time that Weishi took the full charge of Jin's national affairs was the Weijiang(魏絳) period, when it moved to Anyi(安邑) as a base. After Weishi moved to Anyi 6qing(卿) destroyed the Qishi(祁氏) and Yangsheshi(羊舌氏), Jin(晋)'s closeness, and the strength of the Jin Gongshi(公室) was weakened day by day. Afterwards, 4qing (Zhi(知), Han(韓), Wei(魏) and Zhao(趙)) destroyed Fanshi(范氏) and Zhonghangshi(中行氏) again, and Zhao, Wei, Han, Zhishi was destroyed during Weihuanzi(魏桓子).
Weishi then continued to expand on the basis of Anyi, for instance attacking Qin(秦) in the Weiwenhou(魏文侯) period to take the Hexi(河西) area, establishing Hexijun(河西郡), and occupying Zhongshan(中山), and held the position of the early strongest of the Warring States Period. Anyi was geographically disadvantageous in the external development of Weishi. Located in Hedong(河東), Anyi was blocked by Huotaishan(霍太山) to the northern frontier, Taihngshan(太行山) to the east, Huanghe(黃河) to the west, and, thus, the development of the country was restricted.
In addition, the location is surrounded by the three countries of Qin, Zhao and Han, and it is accessible only with one single path of the mountainous area of Shangdang(上 黨), so if Zhao and Han attacked Wei, the path of Shangdang would cut off, and when Qin attacked again, the situation would become very dangerous. For these reasons, Weihuiwang (魏惠王)of Wei transferred its capital to Daliang(大梁) in 361 BC.
In Weiwenhou 22 years (403 BC), Weishi officially came to the rank of Juhou(諸 侯), and jumped into the battlefield of the country. In the case of Weishi, Anyi located in Hedong was geographically disadvantageous for external expansion. Therefore, there was a need to build a city in an area with strong economic characteristics, close to the center of gravity. Daliang was the most appropriate for this geographical condition.
Daliang After the Transferring its capital, Wei made a great socio-economic development. Waihewang opened the Honggou for the development of agricultural production after the Chunduo period, focused on the repair process, proceeded to shrink by using the original lakeshore, and sent the Yellow River water to Tazawa. Under such a geographical environment, Daliang can naturally provide favorable conditions for the development of water transportation and agricultural production, and can promote agricultural development in the Daliang region.
Daliang's handicraft production has also been highly developed. In Daliang there was a domestic craftwork in conjunction with a small farmer, a sole proprietorship craftwork, and an official craftwork.
Overall, Daliang was the prosperous economic city of Daliang during the Weihuiwang period. Also based on the librarian's description, there were 12 castle gates around Dalia, and it can be seen that it was guarded by 300,000 troops and that Dalia Castle was quite large and the construction method was remarkable and also the economy was relatively prosperous. Therefore, after transferring its capital to Dalia, agriculture, handicrafts and commerce both developed very much, which shows that Wei's Daliang transfer was not intended to avoid 'Qin' but to develop Wei's own power.

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