누가 더 보호받는가- 국가복지의 이원성과 노년의 건강 불평등 - (Welfare Dualism and Health Inequality of Elderly)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국사회복지학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국사회복지학 / 73권 / 1호 / 9 ~ 39페이지
· 저자명 : 임현지, 황인혜, 이철승

초록

본연구는복지이원주의에따른노년기건강불평등을살펴본다.한국복지제도가내부자와외부자에게 서로다른수준의보호를제공한다면,공적보호수준에따른내부자와외부자간건강격차는존재할 것인가? 만일 그렇다면,공적 보호 외부자의건강은 사적 자산에더욱 의존하겠는가? 우리는이러한 질문들에답하기위하여‘연금의3층체계’와‘복지체계의공사분리구조’라는이론틀을제시하고,65세 이상노인층에게서이러한제도와구조로인한건강불평등이출현하고있는지를검증한다.본연구가 한국복지패널4차-14차조사의65세이상노인인구를대상으로분석한결과,가장높은수준의보호를 받는특수직역연금수급집단의주관적신체적,정신적건강위험이일반국민연금수급집단및미수급 집단 대비 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 나아가우리는민간연금과가구자산이65세이상인구의주관적,정신적건강에미치는영향을살펴보았다.민간연금의영향력은통계적으로유의하지않았으나,가구자산의영향력은유의했다.연금지위와 가구자산의상호작용항을테스트한결과,연금지위가높은내부자일수록적은자산이초래하는노년의 건강위험으로부터자유로운것으로나타났다.반면자산수준이높은경우연금수준에따른건강격차는 나타나지않았다.본연구결과는복지이원주의에기반한연금과자산의불평등한분배가노인층내부의 건강 불평등을 악화시킬 수 있음을 시사한다. 더 나아가 다각적인 지원으로 고용위기로 인해 발생하는 건강 문제를 예방하기 위한 공공서비스의 확충과 보건정책 수립이 요구되며, 최종적으로 맞춤형 고용복지가 이루어져야 한다.

영어초록

This paper studies the effects of welfare dualism on health outcomes of the elderly in South Korea. Based on the Korean welfare system that provides different levels of social protection to labor market insiders and outsiders, can we observe health inequalities between the two groups? What is the role of assets in the relationship between individuals without public social insurance and their health outcomes? In order to address these questions, this study proposes a theoretical framework based on what we call the "three tiers of the pension system" and "public-private divide of the welfare system." Analyzing 10 waves of the Korean Welfare Panel Data (2009-2019), we find that among the elderly (65 years old and above), subjective physical and mental health risks of individuals receiving special occupational pensions are lower that that of individuals receiving public pensions or no pensions at all.
This study also examines the effects of private pension and household assets on the subjective physical and mental health of the elderly. We find that public pension has no significant effect on our outcome of interest; however, household assets had a significant effect on health outcomes. By interacting pension status and household assets, we find that individuals who had higher levels of pension protection (i.e., pension insiders) are less vulnerable to the health risks that are associated with low assets. Moreover, there is no significant difference in health outcomes depending on pension status for individuals who have high levels of private assets. This suggests that inequalities in pension protection and private assets may lead to health inequalities of the elderly.

참고자료

· 없음