러시아 대기업의 광공업 부문 일반집중도 분석: 러시아 100대 기업(매출액 기준)을 중심으로 (Analysis of General Concentration of Russian Mining and Manufacturing Sector: Focusing on the 100 Largest Companies in Russia)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국슬라브․유라시아학회
· 수록지 정보 : 슬라브학보 / 33권 / 2호 / 287 ~ 326페이지
· 저자명 : 이종문

초록

This study examined the concentration of economic power in the Russian economy and in the mining and manufacturing sectors between 1999 and 2016 by using the k-firm concentration ratio and the Hirschman-Herfindahl index(HHI).
The results of this study are summarized as follows.
First for the 18 years from 1999 to 2016, there were a total of 281 companies included in the 100 largest companies in the Russian industry. Among them, only 26 companies have maintained their status as the top 100 companies for 18 consecutive years, and the remaining 70 companies have been eliminated. This is not a natural phenomenon through free competition of a market economy, but an by-product of the nationalization of the energy industry and the industrial restructuring policies of 42 strategic industries in the process of establishing state capitalism Second, 100-firm and 10-firm concentration ratios(CR 100 and CR 10) in Russian economy are much higher than in the US. CR 100 and CR 10 began to climb after reaching its lowest level in 2008 when the global financial crisis occurred and have risen sharply since 2014. In terms of HHI, which shows the level of competition that exists within industry as well as an indication of how the distribution of market share occurs across the companies. Russia has shown that the economic monopoly of a few top companies is much stronger than in the United States. In the 400 largest companies, Russia's HHI index was 3.4 times higher than the US, 2.7 times higher than the 100 companies, 2.1 times higher than the companies and 22 percent higher than the 10 companies.
Third, Concentration ratios(CR 100, CR 50, CR 10) of Russian mining and manufacturing sector is much higher than that of its entire economy. This is due to the fact that the top ten companies in the Russian economy account for five companies in the mining sector. The HHI of the top 100 companies in the mining and manufacturing sectors was the highest in 2009 and 2013, showing the largest disparity. The HHI of the 50s and 10s also showed a similar pattern. Since 2014, the HHI index of each business group(100 companies, 50 companies, 10 companies) has been decreasing for three consecutive years and competition within the business group is intensifying.
Russia has a relatively high share of the mining and manufacturing industry in the economy compared to the world countries, and is heavily dependent on a small number of large oil-gas corporations, resulting in high economic and industrial concentration and high concentration volatility.

영어초록

This study examined the concentration of economic power in the Russian economy and in the mining and manufacturing sectors between 1999 and 2016 by using the k-firm concentration ratio and the Hirschman-Herfindahl index(HHI).
The results of this study are summarized as follows.
First for the 18 years from 1999 to 2016, there were a total of 281 companies included in the 100 largest companies in the Russian industry. Among them, only 26 companies have maintained their status as the top 100 companies for 18 consecutive years, and the remaining 70 companies have been eliminated. This is not a natural phenomenon through free competition of a market economy, but an by-product of the nationalization of the energy industry and the industrial restructuring policies of 42 strategic industries in the process of establishing state capitalism Second, 100-firm and 10-firm concentration ratios(CR 100 and CR 10) in Russian economy are much higher than in the US. CR 100 and CR 10 began to climb after reaching its lowest level in 2008 when the global financial crisis occurred and have risen sharply since 2014. In terms of HHI, which shows the level of competition that exists within industry as well as an indication of how the distribution of market share occurs across the companies. Russia has shown that the economic monopoly of a few top companies is much stronger than in the United States. In the 400 largest companies, Russia's HHI index was 3.4 times higher than the US, 2.7 times higher than the 100 companies, 2.1 times higher than the companies and 22 percent higher than the 10 companies.
Third, Concentration ratios(CR 100, CR 50, CR 10) of Russian mining and manufacturing sector is much higher than that of its entire economy. This is due to the fact that the top ten companies in the Russian economy account for five companies in the mining sector. The HHI of the top 100 companies in the mining and manufacturing sectors was the highest in 2009 and 2013, showing the largest disparity. The HHI of the 50s and 10s also showed a similar pattern. Since 2014, the HHI index of each business group(100 companies, 50 companies, 10 companies) has been decreasing for three consecutive years and competition within the business group is intensifying.
Russia has a relatively high share of the mining and manufacturing industry in the economy compared to the world countries, and is heavily dependent on a small number of large oil-gas corporations, resulting in high economic and industrial concentration and high concentration volatility.

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