沈大允의 『論語』 해석의 일 단면 - 利와 忠恕를 중심으로 (A Phase of Shim DaeYoon(沈大允)’s Interpretation of the Analects[論語] - Focusing on Profit[利], Loyalty[忠] and Consideration[恕])

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국한문고전학회
· 수록지 정보 : 漢文古典硏究 / 29권 / 1호 / 277 ~ 309페이지
· 저자명 : 노경희

초록

白雲 沈大允은 陽明學을 家學으로 하는 少論系 양반가의 후손이나, 증조부 대에 역모죄로 滅門之禍를 당해 양반의 명맥만 근근이 유지할 뿐 생계를 위해 직접 木盤을 제작해 파는 工商 활동을 하면서도 방대한 양의 경학 저술을 남긴 19세기의 주목할 만한 경학가이다. 경전 해석 방법에 있어 양명학적 가학과 실제 工商 활동의 영향으로 字句 해석에 얽매이는 漢學과 사변적이고 관념적인 정주학을 배척하고, 성현의 말씀과 사물의 實情 및 人情에서 해석의 근거를 찾아야 한다는 경험적⋅실증적 태도를 강조하였다. 인간이 利를 추구하는 것은 天命之性이며, 利의 추구는 극단적으로 인류 멸망을 초래할 정도로 상충하는 경향이 있기 때문에 忠恕의 방법으로 與人同利하는 至公의 道를 구현하고자 하였다. 그는 19세기의 대내외적 문제를 『論語』 해석을 통해 극복하고자 하였다.

영어초록

Baekun(白雲) Shim DaeYoon(沈大允) was born in a noble household, and his household was a member of Disciple’s Faction[少論]. However, his household had studied Yangming learning[陽明學] from generation to generation, and in his great-grandfather’s generation, his household was faced with a disaster that wiped out a whole family. For this reason, his family was barely keeping their life as a noble household, and he should had to be a merchant to maintain his family’s livelihood.
Although he was under these unfavorable conditions, he wrote enormous books about Confucianism and marked a representative Confucian in 19th century. He excluded Han dynasty learning[漢學], occupied with the meaning of word and phrase, and Chŏng Chu learning[程朱學], tends to be theoretical and abstract. These academical tendencies was resulted from Yangming learning and merchandising activities. Moreover, he emphasized an empirical and practical attitude that the interpretations of Confucian classics must be based on body texts[經文] and people’s reality.
He thought that pursuing profit[利] is in innate nature, Ch’onmyŏngchisong (天命之性), and that if a human extremely pursues profit, this might be possible to destroy mankind. Therefore, he wanted to make an ideal world where people have loyalty[忠] and consideration[恕] so that they share their own profit with others, so-called Yŏyindongli(與人同利). He called this moral state Chigong chi do(至公之道), the most utilitarian profit, in his book. He also tried to solve the domestic and foreign problems in the 19th century through interpreting the Analects[論語].

참고자료

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