근로여성장애인의 근로빈곤층 결정요인에 관한 연구 - 가구특성 및 고용의 질을 중심으로- (A Study on the Determinants of Being the Working Poor in Women Workers with Disabilities‐ Focusing on household characteristics and the quality of employment ‐)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국장애인고용공단 고용개발원
· 수록지 정보 : 장애와 고용 / 21권 / 2호 / 163 ~ 187페이지
· 저자명 : 김동화

초록

근로여성장애인은 여성으로써 사회적으로 요구하는 가족돌봄에 대한 책임으로 인해 빈곤에 처할 위험이 높아지며, 근로를 함에도 불구하고 빈곤에 처할 위험이 높다는 문제인식을 바탕으로, 근로여성장애인의 근로빈곤층 결정요인을 알아보고, 이에대한 사회복지적 개입 방안을 모색하는데 목적이 있다. ‘제1차 장애인고용패널조사(2008)’자료를 활용하여 근로여성장애인 277명의 빈곤 규모와 특성, 근로여성장애인의 근로빈곤에 영향을 미치는 요인을 조사․분석하고 고찰하여 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다.
첫째, 근로여성장애인이 빈곤에 속할 위험이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 50대이며, 기혼이고, 교육수준이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 장애유형은 신체장애이고, 후천적 원인으로 인한 장애발생이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 근로여성장애인의 동거자녀 수는 2명이고, 본인을 포함한 2명 이상의 장애인이 가구 구성원으로 있는 경우의 수 또한 높은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 근로여성장애인의 고용특성을 살펴보면, 임금은 100만원 미만이고, 상용근로자, 임시근로자인 경우가 많으며, 근로시간은 8시간 이상 ～ 10시간 미만으로 단순노무자로 근무하며, 근무하는 곳에 노동조합이 없는 경우가 대부분인 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 가구특성 변인인 가구원 수, 동거자녀 수, 장애가구원 수가 증가하면 빈곤에 처할 확률이 높아지는 것으로 나타났으며, 또한 임금이 감소할수록, 고용안정성이 없을수록, 참여․발언 조직이 없을수록, 발전가능성에 대한 불만족도가 커질수록 빈곤에 처할 확률이 높아지며, 근로시간이 증가할수록, 판매종사자․단순노무직일수록 빈곤에 처할 확률이 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 근로여성장애인들의 인적자본 부족과 낮은 고용의 질 등으로 인한 것으로 해석할 수 있어, 이에 대한 사회복지적 개입 방안을 모색하고자 한다.

영어초록

Women workers with disabilities are highly likely to fall in poverty because they, as women, have to take socially required responsibilities for family care. Recognizing this problem, this study purposed to examine the determinants of being the working poor in women workers with disabilities and to develop interventions on the dimension of social welfare. Using the 1st Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (2008), we investigated and analyzed the degree and characteristics of poverty in 74,308 women workers with disabilities and factors affecting the working poor of women workers with disabilities, and drew conclusions as follows.
First, women workers with disabilities were highly likely to fall in poverty, and the risk was higher when they were in their 50s, they were married, and their education level was low. Second, the most frequent types of disability were minor physical disabilities that had happened after birth. Third, many of women workers with disabilities had two children living together and there were a large number of cases that had two or more people with disabilities including the respondent among the family members. Fourth, as to the employment characteristics of women workers with disabilities, in most cases, the wage was less than 1,000,000 won, the employment type was a regular or temporary employee, the number of working hours was 8‐10, the job type was a unskilled worker, and the workplace did not have a labor union. Fifth, when household characteristic variables the number of household members, the number of children living together, and the number of household members with disabilities increased, the risk of poverty was higher. In addition, the risk of poverty was higher when the wage was low, when the employment status was unstable, when there was no organization for participation and speech, and when potential for development was unsatisfactory, and the risk was lower when working hours were long, when the job type was a sales worker or an unskilled worker. As these results suggest that the working poor among women workers with disabilities is mainly caused by lack of human capital and low quality of employment, this study discussed social welfare interventions based on the results.

참고자료

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