박물관의 식민주의적 혐의 - 빅토리아기 영국 사우스켄싱턴 박물관을 중심으로 - (Do Museums Reflect Colonialism? - The Case of the South Kensington Museum in England for Years of Victoria -)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 효원사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 역사와 세계 / 33권 / 245 ~ 276페이지
· 저자명 : 권의신

초록

Do Museums Reflect Colonialism?
- The Case of the South Kensington Museum in England
for Years of Victoria -

Kwen, Eui-Sin


Modern museums, which helped to form ‘ethnicity', made special relationship with imperialism in compliance with that the state extended to the imperial in early 19th century. Archeological excavation in colonies largely affected to imperials which had colonies, and with it, museums informed people cultural superiority of Europe, and they played role like useful political institution which justified the rationale of modernization. The South Kensington Museum in England is such case.
The South Kensington Museum which was built by the Great Exhibition in 1851 gave emphasis to backwardness, peripheral feature and savageness of colonial culture in order to justify superiority of English culture and the rationale of modernization. The exhibition of the museum played important role as justification of colonialism, and the exhibition of trophies from the war between the British empire and India also was in the same context. The exhibition of the South Kensington Museum was visual representation of the relationship between the British empire and colonies. Orient exhibition, which was composed of booties from colonies for 50 years, represented the power of the British empire for colonial period.
‘a Gateway from Gwalior' which was presented to the South Kensington Museum is the example of dual attitude of the British empire. ‘a Gateway from Gwalior' was made in India and presented to the museum and it was exhibited in ‘India and Colonial Exhibition', which was held in London at 1886, which justified colonialism of the British empire as arguing that the British empire was trying to civilize colonies. In addition, this exhibition showed that Indian culture was managed by the British empire and it reaffirmed that India was a colony of the British empire. However, in spite of such role of ‘a Gateway from Gwalior', it was not displayed at desirable place, so that it was left at storehouse or was used as a part of museum building, and finally it became useless and placed behind the wall.
Today, the Victoria and Albert Museum tries to eliminate the color of colonialism, which was the role of the South Kensington Museum through planning special exhibition and etc. However, a series of such exhibitions have the limitation in terms of that such exhibitions still are interpreted by the perspective of British colonialism. Deconstruction of colonialism in museums can be discussed when museums try to reflect views of imperialism and colonies at the same time.

영어초록

Do Museums Reflect Colonialism?
- The Case of the South Kensington Museum in England
for Years of Victoria -

Kwen, Eui-Sin


Modern museums, which helped to form ‘ethnicity', made special relationship with imperialism in compliance with that the state extended to the imperial in early 19th century. Archeological excavation in colonies largely affected to imperials which had colonies, and with it, museums informed people cultural superiority of Europe, and they played role like useful political institution which justified the rationale of modernization. The South Kensington Museum in England is such case.
The South Kensington Museum which was built by the Great Exhibition in 1851 gave emphasis to backwardness, peripheral feature and savageness of colonial culture in order to justify superiority of English culture and the rationale of modernization. The exhibition of the museum played important role as justification of colonialism, and the exhibition of trophies from the war between the British empire and India also was in the same context. The exhibition of the South Kensington Museum was visual representation of the relationship between the British empire and colonies. Orient exhibition, which was composed of booties from colonies for 50 years, represented the power of the British empire for colonial period.
‘a Gateway from Gwalior' which was presented to the South Kensington Museum is the example of dual attitude of the British empire. ‘a Gateway from Gwalior' was made in India and presented to the museum and it was exhibited in ‘India and Colonial Exhibition', which was held in London at 1886, which justified colonialism of the British empire as arguing that the British empire was trying to civilize colonies. In addition, this exhibition showed that Indian culture was managed by the British empire and it reaffirmed that India was a colony of the British empire. However, in spite of such role of ‘a Gateway from Gwalior', it was not displayed at desirable place, so that it was left at storehouse or was used as a part of museum building, and finally it became useless and placed behind the wall.
Today, the Victoria and Albert Museum tries to eliminate the color of colonialism, which was the role of the South Kensington Museum through planning special exhibition and etc. However, a series of such exhibitions have the limitation in terms of that such exhibitions still are interpreted by the perspective of British colonialism. Deconstruction of colonialism in museums can be discussed when museums try to reflect views of imperialism and colonies at the same time.

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