한국 성인의 지역과 교육수준에 따른 굴절이상에 관한 연구

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 대한시과학회
· 수록지 정보 : 대한시과학회지 / 13권 / 2호
· 저자명 : 박지현, 김정희, 이영일

초록

목적: 본 연구는 우리나라 성인의 지역과 교육수준에 따른 굴절이상을 평가하고자 하였다. 방법: 국민건강영양조사(2009) 안검진 데이터를 이용하여 무수정체안을 제외한 만 40세 이상의 성인 5,025명을 대상으로 도시와 농촌의 굴절이상 차이를 분석하였다. 안검진 데이터에서의 굴절이상도는 자동안 굴절계로 검사하였고, 통계분석을 위하여 등가구면 굴절력을 사용하였으며, 교육수준은 초졸 이하, 중·고 졸 이하, 대졸 이상으로 구분하였다. 지역과 교육수준에 따른 굴절이상도는 t-test 및 χ2 검정하였고, 유의 수준은 0.05로 SPSS 18.0을 사용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 평균연령은 농촌지역(62.05±11.98)이 도시지역(56.62±11.74)보다 높았으며, 굴절이상도는 도시 지역의 굴절이상도(-0.38±2.01D)가 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 초졸 이하의 굴절이상도는 -0.24± 1.90D이었고, 중·고졸 이하는 -0.27±1.99D, 대졸이상은 -0.40±2.18D로 교육수준과 굴절이상도는 양의 상관관계를 보였고 통계적으로 유의하였다. 모든 교육수준에서 도시지역의 굴절이상도가 높았다. 우리나라 성인의 고도근시 발생률은 2.0%이었으며, 도시지역은 2.3%이었고, 농촌지역은 1.4%로 도시지역의 고도근 시 유병률이 높은 것으로 나타났고, 통계적으로 유의하였다. 결론: 본 연구는 population-based 연구를 통하여 우리나라의 도시와 농촌 지역의 굴절이상도의 차이 와 교육수준에 따른 굴절이상도의 차이를 확인하였다. 굴절이상도(근시)는 농촌지역에 비해 도시지역에서 높게 나타났고, 교육수준이 높아질수록 더욱 증가하였으며, 고도근시는 도시지역에서 더 많은 유병률을 보였다.

영어초록

Objectives: In this study, refractive error rate was evaluated relationship with the residential region and education level of adults in Korea. Methods: Refractive error was investigated as referring the data of eye-examination which was probed by Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHNES) of 2009-year. Participants of KNHNES were over 40-years old group(5,025 people, Aphakia exception). Refractive error rate was tested with auto refractometer, besides, spherical equivalent(SE) was applied for statistical analysis. Education level was categorized as below elementary education, below middle-high school education, and above college education. T-test and chi-square test was applied for refractive error rate according to residential region and education level. The significance level was 0.05, and this data was analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS ver. 18.0) software. Results: The average age of agricultural region residents(62.05±11.98) was higher than that of urban region resident group(56.62±11.74); further, refractive error rate of urban region residents were statistically high(-0.38±2.01D). Moreover, the relationship between education level and refractive error rate was linearly shown as statistical analysis results with high significance level such as below elementary education group was -0.24±1.90D, below middle-high school education group was -0.27±1.99D, and above college education group was -0.40±2.18D. As results from statistical analysis, refractive error rate of city residents were relatively high from all education level groups than that of rural residents. It was shown that prevalence rate of high myopia was highly occurred from urban resident groups with 2.3%; high myopia of rural residents was 1.4% (average occurrence of high myopia from adults in Korea is 2.0%). Conclusion: This study was presented that refractive error rate differences of city residents with agricultural region residents in Korea; moreover, refractive error rate differences relate with education level was studied by population-based research. Refractive error of urban resident was higher than that of rural resident, besides, refractive error rate was increased with education level. And prevalence rate of high myopia was highly shown from urban residents.

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