삶의 양식에 내재하는 앎의 질서들에 대한 기술적 합리주의 비판 : 오우크쇼트(Michael Oakeshott) 의 철학적 목소리

서지정보

ㆍ발행기관 : 한국교육원리학회 ㆍ수록지정보 : 교육원리연구 / 7권 / 1호
ㆍ저자명 : 최철병

한국어 초록

경험과학에 기초한 실증주의로 대표되는 서양 근대적 앎의 질서와 그에 따른 삶의 양식에 대한 다양한 반성작업들이 이루어지고 있다. 오우크쇼트 또한 그 중의 하나이다. 하지만 대개의 사상가들의 작업 역시 근대의 유산으로서 개별주제나 개별과학에 대한 비판으로 일주하는 반면, 오우크쇼트의 그것은 인간의 삶의 양식에 내재하는 앎의 질서에 근거하여 근대의 편협한 기술적 합리주의를 비판·반성하고 있다. 즉, 근대적 구성체로서의 개별과학이나 또 다른 근대적 이론(theory) 체계에 근거하는 것이 아니라, 보다 보편적이고 궁극적인 학습자적 태도(theoria)에 입각하여, 전체를 부분으로 환원하려는 서양 근대의 잘못을 지적하고 있는 것이다. 이 같은 태도는 서양근대에 대한 이차적 학습자로서의 우리에게 시사하는 바가 많아. 오우크쇼트가 시사하는 바와 같이 주제에 대한 개별 과학적(근대적) 관심에 기초한 명시적 분석작업에 앞서, 그것이 잉태되고 태생하는 암묵적 전통지에 대한 음미가 선결되어야 한다고 생각한다. 이 논문은 그 같은 노력의 일환이다.

영어 초록

In his own time, Michael Oakeshott was an important teacher and scholar, one who influenced a generation of students and scholars. Today his work is enjoying something of a renaissance. Considering Oakeshott’s prominence in recent political and educational theory, I think, it is important to reach a full understanding of his work and not allow his conservatism to overshadow his philosophical arguments. By placing his philosophy in its historical context, we can better understand its originality and significance. As have argued here, there are surpassing elements in Oakeshott’s work, and we should strive to hear all the tones of Michael Oakeshott’s unique voice. Michael Oakeshott Has been acclaimed in recent years as one of the most prominent conservative thinkers of the century. E has been called ‘the dominating figure of conservative thought’, and he has been praised for his ‘distinctive contemporary contribution to conservative thought.’ More recently, one scholar has contended that Oakeshott‘s work ‘provides us with what is perhaps the most sophisticated and satisfying statement of liberalism to date’. Oakeshott’s ideas have influenced a generation of political theorists. However, most scholars take Oakeshott to be a fundamentally educational thinker, carrying on a tradition of unique en-cultural thought. Although Oakeshott certainly was a conservative thinker, this approach tends to obscure other aspects of Oakeshott’s work and can lead to an overly narrow understanding of his intellectual procedure. This essay has attempted to focus on an aspect of Oakeshott’s philosophical thought, his critique of technical rationality. I have asked after its origins and connect it to the work of other major philosophers of his era. By looking at Oakeshott in context and studying the evolution of his critique of rationality, we can gain a richer understanding of his work as a whole and better nderstand his place in recent intellectual history.

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