허혈성 심근경색 간호과정 보고서 (간호진단 3개, 간호계획 1개)

본 내용은 " 허혈성 심근경색 간호과정 보고서 (간호진단 3개, 간호계획 1개) " 의 원문 자료에서 일부 인용된 것입니다. 2024.07.01

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• 1. Acute subendocardial myocardial infarction

  급성 심근경색증은 혈액이 제대로 공급되지 않는 부위의 심장 근육이 손상되면서 첫 증상으로 심한 가슴 통증이 유발된다. 심장 근육에 혈액 공급이 끊긴 상태가 지속되면 심장 근육이 영구적으로 손상될 수 있다. 손상된 심장 근육으로 인해 온몸에 산소와 영양분을 공급하는 심장의 기능까지 떨어지면서 호흡곤란 등의 증상이 생기고 부정맥이 초래돼 심장이 멈추기도 한다. 급성 심근경색증의 원인은 동맥경화이다. 고혈압, 당뇨병, 이상지질혈증, 비만 등으로 끈적끈적한 피나 지방덩어리 등이 혈관에 붙어 동맥이 좁아지고 딱딱해졌을 때, 급성 심근경색증 위험이 올라간다.

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• 1. Acute subendocardial myocardial infarction

  Acute subendocardial myocardial infarction is a serious medical condition that occurs when a portion of the heart muscle, specifically the innermost layer (subendocardium), experiences a lack of blood supply and oxygen. This type of infarction is often associated with partial blockage of a coronary artery, which can lead to damage and death of the affected heart tissue. The subendocardium is particularly vulnerable to ischemia, as it is the region of the heart that is furthest from the blood supply. This makes it more susceptible to injury during periods of reduced blood flow or oxygen delivery. Acute subendocardial infarction can be caused by a variety of factors, including atherosclerosis, coronary artery spasm, embolism, or even severe hypotension. Patients with acute subendocardial infarction may present with chest pain, shortness of breath, and other symptoms of myocardial ischemia. Diagnosis is typically made through electrocardiogram (ECG) findings, which may show ST-segment depression or T-wave inversions, as well as elevated cardiac biomarkers, such as troponin. Treatment for acute subendocardial infarction typically involves prompt restoration of blood flow to the affected area, either through the use of thrombolytic medications, percutaneous coronary intervention, or coronary artery bypass surgery. Additionally, supportive care, such as oxygen therapy, pain management, and management of any underlying conditions, is crucial. The prognosis for patients with acute subendocardial infarction can vary, depending on the extent of the infarction, the presence of any underlying cardiovascular disease, and the timeliness and effectiveness of the treatment. Early recognition and prompt intervention are essential to minimize the extent of myocardial damage and improve the patient's long-term outcomes.