간호학과 수술실 실습 수술 종류별 사례 보고서

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1. Atherosclerosis of arteries of extremities with intermittent claudication

죽상경화증은 대부분 어린 나이부터 진행이 시작되며, 나이가 들면서 점점 더 악화된다. 콜레스테롤 농도 이상, 고혈압, 당뇨, 흡연, 비만, 가족력, 건강하지 않은 식습관 등이 위험인자로 밝혀져 있다. 혈관 벽에 쌓이는 죽종은 지방, 콜레스테롤, 칼슘, 기타 혈액 성분으로 구성된다. 동맥이 좁아지게 되면 산소가 포함된 혈액이 각 장기 및 조직에 제대로 전달되는데 어려움이 있게 된다. 죽상경화증의 진단은 신체검진, 심전도, 운동부하검사 등 다양한 검사를 통해 확진하게 된다.
2. Cervix dysplasia

자궁경부 이형성증은 자궁경부암을 일으키는 인유두종 바이러스(HPV)에 의해 자궁경부의 세포와 조직이 비정상적으로 변형된 상태를 의미한다. 자궁경부암의 전 단계 상태를 말한다. 자궁경부암은 자궁경부 이형성증 → 상피내암 → 자궁경부암의 순서로 진행된다. 사춘기 이후 전 연령대에 걸쳐 발생할 수 있으며, 25~35세 여성에게 가장 잘 발생한다.
3. Bilateral inguinal hernia

서혜부 탈장 또는 사타구니 탈장은 서혜부 도관을 통해 복강 내용물이 나오는 탈장(돌출물)이다. 특히 기침, 운동, 배변 등에 따라 통증이나 불편함이 나타날 수 있는 증상은 환자의 약 3분의 1에서 나타나지 않는다. 증상은 하루 종일 악화되고 누울 때 호전되는 경우가 많다. 서혜부 탈장은 왼쪽보다 오른쪽에서 더 자주 발생한다. 선천성 탈장은 대부분 충수돌기 또는 소장의 일부를 포함하지만, 일부 특이한 내용은 맹장염, 게실염, 대장암, 요광, 난소, 그리고 드물게 악성 병변일 수 있다.

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1. Atherosclerosis of arteries of extremities with intermittent claudication

Atherosclerosis of the arteries in the extremities, leading to intermittent claudication, is a serious condition that can significantly impact a person's quality of life. This disease involves the buildup of plaque in the arteries, which restricts blood flow and oxygen supply to the affected limbs. Intermittent claudication, characterized by pain or discomfort in the legs during physical activity, is a common symptom of this condition. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to manage the progression of the disease and improve the patient's overall health and mobility. Lifestyle modifications, such as quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy diet, and regular exercise, can help slow the progression of atherosclerosis. In more severe cases, medical interventions like medication, angioplasty, or bypass surgery may be necessary to restore blood flow and alleviate the symptoms. Ongoing monitoring and a multidisciplinary approach involving healthcare professionals are essential to effectively manage this chronic and potentially debilitating condition.
2. Cervix dysplasia

Cervix dysplasia is a concerning condition that requires prompt medical attention and appropriate management. This condition involves the abnormal growth and development of cells on the surface of the cervix, which can potentially lead to the development of cervical cancer if left untreated. Early detection through regular cervical cancer screening, such as Pap smears and HPV testing, is crucial for identifying and monitoring any precancerous changes. Treatment options may include close monitoring, cryotherapy, laser therapy, or surgical procedures, depending on the severity of the dysplasia. It is important for individuals to maintain regular gynecological check-ups and follow the recommendations of their healthcare providers to ensure timely diagnosis and effective management of cervix dysplasia. Educating the public about the importance of cervical cancer screening and the available treatment options can help promote early intervention and improve overall outcomes for those affected by this condition.
3. Bilateral inguinal hernia

Bilateral inguinal hernia is a serious medical condition that requires prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This condition involves the protrusion of abdominal contents, such as intestines or fatty tissue, through weakened areas in the groin on both sides of the body. Symptoms may include a bulge or swelling in the groin, pain or discomfort, and difficulty with physical activities. If left untreated, bilateral inguinal hernias can lead to complications, such as incarceration or strangulation, which can be life-threatening. Surgical repair, either through open or laparoscopic techniques, is the standard treatment for this condition. The goal of surgery is to reinforce the weakened areas and prevent the recurrence of the hernia. Patients should work closely with their healthcare providers to understand the risks and benefits of different treatment options and to ensure timely and effective management of their condition. Ongoing follow-up and monitoring are essential to ensure a successful outcome and prevent any long-term complications.

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