신경외과 시술 및 수술 전후 간호 총정리(임상)

문서 내 토픽

1. UBE disectomy

양방향 척추 내시경 수술로, 5mm 정도의 두 개의 구멍을 통해 한쪽은 내시경, 다른 한쪽은 수술 기구를 삽입해 8~10배의 배율로 병변을 보며 수술을 진행합니다. 기존의 절개 수술법에 비해 근육 손상이 거의 없어 수술 후 통증이 덜하며 회복이 빠른 장점이 있습니다. 또한 기존의 단일공 척추 내시경 수술과 비교하여 넓은 수술 시야확보 및 다양한 기구를 사용할 수 있습니다.
2. PSLD

내시경 협착 신경 감압술로, 7mm의 최소절개 후 내시경, 레이저, 미세드릴을 사용하여 근육이나 뼈의 손상 없이 척추관을 넓히는 시술입니다. 뼈 일부를 제거할 수 있기 때문에 감압할 수 있습니다.
3. PELD

경피적 내시경 디스크 절제술로, 6mm 두께의 내시경을 허리 옆 부위로 넣고 레이저를 이용하여 디스크를 제거합니다. 뼈를 깎지 않는 시술입니다.
4. PSCD

협착 내시경을 이용한 경추 감압술로, 목 뒤를 8mm 정도로 미세 절개 후 디스크나 딱딱한 인대 등을 제거합니다.
5. LD

추간판 절제술로, POD#1 미음>죽>밥 (gas out 상관없이), I/O count를 합니다.
6. LAMINECTOMY

후궁 절제술로, 척추뼈의 뒤쪽 구조물인 후궁을 제거하는 수술입니다. 척수 또는 추간판을 노출하기 위해서 시행하기도 하며 신경이 눌리는 것을 완화하기 위해서 시행할 수도 있습니다.
7. Foraminotomy

추간공 절개술로, 추간공이 좁아서 신경근이 눌려 드릴로 뼈를 깎아 추간공을 넓혀주어 신경근이 눌리지 않게 해주는 수술입니다.
8. Laminoplasty

후궁 성형술로, 후궁절제술(laminectomy)을 하여 확장시킨 후궁을 고정하는 수술입니다. 실, 강선, 자가골, 동종골 또는 소형 금속판을 이용합니다.
9. VP

경피적 척추성형술로, 압박에 의해 부러진 척추뼈에 의료용 골 시멘트를 주입하여 굳혀서 환자의 통증을 줄여주고 부러진 뼈의 안정성을 보강해주는 시술입니다.
10. KP

경피적 풍선 척추 성형술로, 압박골절로 인한 내려앉은 척추체에 풍선을 넣어 확장시켜 척추체의 높이를 올린 후 의료용 시멘트를 주입합니다.

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1. UBE disectomy

UBE (Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic) discectomy is a minimally invasive surgical technique used to treat herniated intervertebral discs. This procedure involves making two small incisions on the back and using an endoscope and specialized instruments to remove the damaged disc material, relieving pressure on the spinal nerve. The key advantages of UBE discectomy include reduced tissue trauma, faster recovery times, and improved visualization of the surgical site compared to traditional open discectomy. However, the technique requires specialized training and equipment, and may not be suitable for all types of disc herniations or spinal conditions. Overall, UBE discectomy can be a valuable option for patients seeking a less invasive approach to disc surgery, but the decision should be made in consultation with an experienced spine surgeon.
2. PSLD

PSLD (Percutaneous Spinal Laser Discectomy) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat herniated intervertebral discs. In this technique, a small needle is inserted into the disc, and a laser is used to vaporize and remove a portion of the damaged disc material. This helps to reduce pressure on the spinal nerve and alleviate symptoms such as back pain and leg pain. The advantages of PSLD include a shorter recovery time, reduced risk of complications, and the ability to perform the procedure on an outpatient basis. However, the procedure may not be suitable for all types of disc herniations, and the long-term outcomes are still being studied. Overall, PSLD can be a viable option for carefully selected patients, but the decision should be made in consultation with a qualified spine specialist.
3. PELD

PELD (Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy) is a minimally invasive surgical technique used to treat herniated intervertebral discs in the lumbar spine. In this procedure, a small incision is made, and a thin endoscope is inserted to visualize the affected disc. The surgeon then uses specialized instruments to remove the damaged disc material, relieving pressure on the spinal nerve. The key advantages of PELD include reduced tissue trauma, faster recovery times, and the ability to perform the procedure on an outpatient basis. However, the technique requires specialized training and equipment, and may not be suitable for all types of disc herniations or spinal conditions. Overall, PELD can be a valuable option for patients seeking a less invasive approach to disc surgery, but the decision should be made in consultation with an experienced spine surgeon.
4. PSCD

PSCD (Percutaneous Spinal Cord Decompression) is a minimally invasive surgical technique used to treat spinal stenosis, a condition characterized by the narrowing of the spinal canal, which can lead to compression of the spinal cord and nerves. In this procedure, a small incision is made, and specialized instruments are used to remove a portion of the bone or ligament that is causing the compression, without the need for a larger, open surgical procedure. The key advantages of PSCD include reduced tissue trauma, faster recovery times, and the ability to perform the procedure on an outpatient basis. However, the technique requires specialized training and equipment, and may not be suitable for all types of spinal stenosis or other spinal conditions. Overall, PSCD can be a valuable option for carefully selected patients, but the decision should be made in consultation with an experienced spine surgeon.
5. LD

LD (Lumbar Discectomy) is a surgical procedure used to treat herniated or ruptured intervertebral discs in the lower back. In this procedure, the surgeon makes an incision in the back and removes the portion of the disc that is pressing on the spinal nerve, relieving the associated pain and symptoms. The key advantages of LD include the ability to directly address the underlying cause of the problem and the potential for long-term relief of symptoms. However, LD is a more invasive procedure compared to some minimally invasive techniques, and it carries a higher risk of complications, such as infection, nerve damage, and instability of the spine. Additionally, the recovery time can be longer than some less invasive options. Overall, LD may be the best choice for certain types of disc herniations or when other conservative treatments have failed, but the decision should be made in consultation with an experienced spine surgeon.
6. LAMINECTOMY

Laminectomy is a surgical procedure used to treat spinal stenosis, a condition characterized by the narrowing of the spinal canal, which can lead to compression of the spinal cord and nerves. In this procedure, the surgeon removes a portion of the vertebral bone (the lamina) to create more space for the spinal cord and nerves, relieving the pressure and associated symptoms. The key advantages of laminectomy include the ability to directly address the underlying cause of the problem and the potential for long-term relief of symptoms. However, laminectomy is a more invasive procedure compared to some minimally invasive techniques, and it carries a higher risk of complications, such as infection, nerve damage, and instability of the spine. Additionally, the recovery time can be longer than some less invasive options. Overall, laminectomy may be the best choice for certain types of spinal stenosis or when other conservative treatments have failed, but the decision should be made in consultation with an experienced spine surgeon.
7. Foraminotomy

Foraminotomy is a surgical procedure used to treat spinal stenosis, a condition characterized by the narrowing of the spinal canal, which can lead to compression of the spinal cord and nerves. In this procedure, the surgeon removes a portion of the bone or ligament that is causing the compression, creating more space for the spinal nerve to pass through the foramen (the opening between the vertebrae). The key advantages of foraminotomy include the ability to directly address the underlying cause of the problem, the potential for long-term relief of symptoms, and a relatively shorter recovery time compared to more extensive spinal surgeries. However, foraminotomy is still an invasive procedure, and it carries a risk of complications, such as infection, nerve damage, and instability of the spine. Overall, foraminotomy may be a suitable option for certain types of spinal stenosis or when other conservative treatments have failed, but the decision should be made in consultation with an experienced spine surgeon.
8. Laminoplasty

Laminoplasty is a surgical procedure used to treat spinal stenosis, a condition characterized by the narrowing of the spinal canal, which can lead to compression of the spinal cord and nerves. In this procedure, the surgeon creates a hinge on one side of the vertebral lamina (the bony arch of the vertebra) and opens it up, creating more space for the spinal cord and nerves. The key advantages of laminoplasty include the ability to preserve the stability of the spine, a relatively shorter recovery time compared to more extensive spinal surgeries, and the potential for long-term relief of symptoms. However, laminoplasty is still an invasive procedure, and it carries a risk of complications, such as infection, nerve damage, and persistent pain or stiffness. Overall, laminoplasty may be a suitable option for certain types of spinal stenosis or when other conservative treatments have failed, but the decision should be made in consultation with an experienced spine surgeon.
9. VP

VP (Vertebroplasty) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat vertebral compression fractures, which are often caused by osteoporosis or trauma. In this procedure, the surgeon injects a cement-like material (polymethylmethacrylate) into the fractured vertebra, stabilizing the bone and relieving pain. The key advantages of VP include a relatively short recovery time, the ability to perform the procedure on an outpatient basis, and the potential for immediate pain relief. However, VP is not suitable for all types of vertebral fractures, and it carries a risk of complications, such as cement leakage, nerve damage, and infection. Additionally, the long-term outcomes of VP are still being studied. Overall, VP may be a valuable option for carefully selected patients with vertebral compression fractures, but the decision should be made in consultation with an experienced spine surgeon.
10. KP

KP (Kyphoplasty) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat vertebral compression fractures, which are often caused by osteoporosis or trauma. In this procedure, the surgeon inserts a small balloon-like device into the fractured vertebra, inflates it to restore the height of the vertebra, and then injects a cement-like material (polymethylmethacrylate) to stabilize the bone. The key advantages of KP include the ability to restore the height of the fractured vertebra, a relatively short recovery time, and the potential for immediate pain relief. However, KP is not suitable for all types of vertebral fractures, and it carries a risk of complications, such as cement leakage, nerve damage, and infection. Additionally, the long-term outcomes of KP are still being studied. Overall, KP may be a valuable option for carefully selected patients with vertebral compression fractures, but the decision should be made in consultation with an experienced spine surgeon.

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