외과계중환자실 SICU 현직간호사 중환자실 다빈도 약물 적응증과 부작용

문서 내 토픽

1. Fentanyl

Fentanyl은 마취 유도 및 유지를 위한 마취 전 진통제, 마취 보조제, 수술 중 및 수술 직후의 단기간 진통제로 사용됩니다. 부작용으로는 혼돈상태, 어지러움, 졸음, 피로감, 두통, 변비, 구역, 구토, 무력증, 호흡억제, 부정맥, 가슴 통증, 가슴 두근거림, 불안, 우울증, 현기증, 환각, 불면, 감각이상, 복통, 식욕부진, 설사, 뇨저류, 떨림, 입 마름, 홍반, 가려움, 발진, 약물의존성, 의식장애, 아나필락시스, 동공 축소, 경련 등이 있습니다.
2. Ultian(Remifentanil)

Ultian(Remifentanil)은 마취유도 및 유지의 진통제, 중환자실 환자의 진통 및 진정제로 사용됩니다. 부작용으로는 호흡억제, 맥박감소, 골격근 강직, 저혈압, 구역, 구토, 떨림 등이 있습니다.
3. Morphine

Morphine은 수술 이후 통증 및 외상과 관련된 통증을 완화하기 위한 진통제, 암 통증, 신장결석 통증, 등 통증과 같은 만성 통증 완화, 전신마취, 경막괴 마취, 고통완화 치료, 심근경색에 의한 통증, 분만 통증, 급성 폐부종의 치료에 사용됩니다. 부작용으로는 호흡수 감소와 저혈압, 구역, 변비, 우울증, 혼란, 불면, 두통, 졸림, 어지러움, 복통, 식욕부진, 입안건조, 구토, 다한증, 발진, 투여부위 가려움 등이 있습니다.
4. Ketamine

Ketamine은 전신마취의 유도, 유지, 진통 및 진정, 짧은 시술을 위한 진정, 통증의 예방, 만성 통증 조절, 기관지경련 치료에 사용됩니다. 부작용으로는 아나필락시스, 천식, 기도점막의 부종, 두통, 어지러움, 졸림, 침 분비 증가, 메스꺼움, 각성기섬망, 혼란, 지남력 상실, 비정상적인 사고 공포, 흥분, 이상행동, 불면 등이 있습니다.
5. Fresofol(propofol)

Fresofol(propofol)은 성인과 3세 이상 소아 전신마취 유도와 유지, 수술이나 검사 시 의식하 진정, 인공호흡 중인 중환자 진정에 사용됩니다. 부작용으로는 저혈압, 불수의적 신체 운동, 주사 부위에 타는듯한 감각, 주사부위 통증, 무호흡, 고혈압, 서맥, 심부정맥, 낮은 심박출, 빈맥, 피부발진, 가려움증, 정맥부종, 발적 또는 혈전 등이 있습니다.
6. Precedex(Dexmedetomidine)

Precedex(Dexmedetomidine)은 집중치료 관리하에 초기 삽관되어 인공호흡을 실시하는 환자의 진정, 수술 및 시술 시 비삽관 환자의 의식하 진정에 사용됩니다. 부작용으로는 저혈압 및 고혈압, 호흡저하, 서맥, 입마름 등이 있습니다.
7. Midazolam

Midazolam은 수술, 시술전 진정, 다른 마취제 투여 전 전신마취 유도목적으로 정맥주사(보조제), 중환자실 환자의 장기간 진정목적으로 bolus 정맥주사 또는 지속적 정맥주입에 사용됩니다. 부작용으로는 저산소증, 호흡억제, 졸음, 저혈압, 두통, 구토, 주사부위 통증, 기침, 주의력, 집중력, 반사운동능력 등의 저하 등이 있습니다.
8. Nimbex(Cisatracurium)

Nimbex(Cisatracurium)은 전신마취시 또는 중환자의 진정시 골격근 이완, 기관내 삽관 및 기계적 환기를 용이하게 하기 위한 보조제로 사용됩니다. 부작용으로는 서맥, 저혈압, 피부 홍조, 기관지연축, 발진, 아나필락시스 반응, 근육병증, 근육쇠약 등이 있습니다.
9. Esmeron(Rocuronium)

Esmeron(Rocuronium)은 기관내 삽관시 골격근 이완을 유도하기 위한 전신마취 보조제로 사용됩니다. 부작용으로는 빈맥, 저혈압, 주사부위 통증/반응, 아나필락시스 등이 있습니다.
10. Vecaron(Vecuronium)

Vecaron(Vecuronium)은 수술,마취시 또는 기관내 삽관시 근이완제로 사용됩니다. 부작용으로는 맥박감소(서맥) 쇼크, 발적, 가려움, 기관지 연축, 딸꾹질, 근육통, 무기력 등이 있습니다.
11. Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine은 말초혈관 수축제, 급성저혈압 또는 쇼크, 심정지의 보조치료제로 사용됩니다. 부작용으로는 많은 양의 사용 시 과도한 말초혈관 수축으로 인해 혈액순환에 도움을 주지 못하면서 말초 청색증과 괴사 발생, 순간적으로 많은 양 주입 시 EKG 리듬 변화 유발(동성빈맥 발생 후 심실빈맥으로 전환될 가능성), 말초 혈관으로 주입할 경우 조직에 유출 시 necrosis 발생, 가슴 두근거림, 두통, 어지러움, 떨림, 불안, 구역, 구토, 흉통 등이 있습니다.

Easy AI와 토픽 톺아보기

1. Fentanyl

Fentanyl is a highly potent synthetic opioid that has become a major public health concern due to its widespread abuse and the associated overdose crisis. While fentanyl has legitimate medical uses, such as pain management for cancer patients and in anesthesia, its illicit production and distribution have led to a significant increase in opioid-related deaths. The ease of manufacturing fentanyl and its high potency make it an attractive drug for traffickers, but this also makes it extremely dangerous for users, who may not be aware of the true strength of the substance they are consuming. Addressing the fentanyl crisis requires a multifaceted approach, including improved education, expanded access to evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder, and enhanced law enforcement efforts to disrupt the supply chain. Ultimately, a comprehensive public health strategy is needed to tackle this complex and evolving challenge.
2. Ultian(Remifentanil)

Ultian, also known as remifentanil, is a potent synthetic opioid analgesic that is primarily used in anesthesia and critical care settings. Compared to other opioids, remifentanil has a unique pharmacokinetic profile, with a rapid onset and short duration of action, making it well-suited for use in surgical procedures and during intensive care. While remifentanil can be an effective and valuable tool in the medical field, it also carries significant risks, including respiratory depression, hypotension, and the potential for abuse and dependence. Careful patient monitoring and appropriate dosing are essential when using remifentanil to ensure the safe and effective management of pain and sedation. Additionally, healthcare providers must be vigilant in preventing the diversion and misuse of this controlled substance. Overall, the use of remifentanil requires a balanced approach, weighing the potential benefits against the risks, and should be administered only by trained professionals in appropriate clinical settings.
3. Morphine

Morphine is a naturally occurring opioid analgesic that has been used for centuries to manage pain and alleviate suffering. As a potent and effective pain reliever, morphine plays a crucial role in modern medicine, particularly in the treatment of severe acute and chronic pain, as well as in palliative care for terminally ill patients. However, the use of morphine is not without risks, as it can lead to physical dependence, respiratory depression, and other adverse effects. Healthcare providers must carefully weigh the benefits and risks when prescribing morphine, and patients must be closely monitored to ensure safe and appropriate use. Additionally, the potential for abuse and diversion of morphine has led to increased regulatory scrutiny and the need for robust control measures to prevent the misuse of this important but potentially dangerous substance. Overall, the responsible and evidence-based use of morphine remains an essential component of comprehensive pain management strategies in the medical field.
4. Ketamine

Ketamine is a unique and versatile medication that has a wide range of clinical applications, from anesthesia to the treatment of depression and chronic pain. As an anesthetic, ketamine is valued for its ability to provide rapid and effective pain relief while maintaining respiratory function and cardiovascular stability. In recent years, the use of ketamine for the management of treatment-resistant depression and suicidal ideation has also gained significant attention, with promising results. However, the recreational abuse of ketamine and its potential for addiction and psychosis have raised concerns about its safety and appropriate use. Healthcare providers must carefully consider the risks and benefits of ketamine, and ensure that it is administered in a controlled and monitored setting by trained professionals. Additionally, ongoing research and regulatory oversight are necessary to ensure the safe and ethical use of this complex and potentially transformative medication.
5. Fresofol(propofol)

Fresofol, also known as propofol, is a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent that has become an essential tool in modern anesthesia and critical care. Propofol is valued for its rapid onset, short duration of action, and ability to provide smooth induction and maintenance of anesthesia. It is commonly used for a variety of surgical procedures, as well as in the sedation of critically ill patients in intensive care units. While propofol is generally considered safe when administered by trained healthcare professionals, it is not without risks, including respiratory depression, hypotension, and the potential for abuse and misuse. Careful patient monitoring, appropriate dosing, and adherence to established safety protocols are crucial when using propofol to ensure the well-being of patients. Additionally, ongoing research and regulatory oversight are necessary to address emerging concerns and optimize the safe and effective use of this important anesthetic agent.
6. Precedex(Dexmedetomidine)

Precedex, also known as dexmedetomidine, is a highly selective alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has become an increasingly important medication in the fields of anesthesia, critical care, and procedural sedation. Dexmedetomidine is valued for its ability to provide sedation and analgesia without significant respiratory depression, making it a useful alternative to traditional opioid-based sedatives. It has been shown to be effective in reducing the need for mechanical ventilation, delirium, and opioid consumption in critically ill patients. However, the use of dexmedetomidine is not without risks, including hypotension, bradycardia, and the potential for withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation. Healthcare providers must carefully monitor patients receiving dexmedetomidine and adjust dosing as needed to ensure the safe and effective use of this medication. Ongoing research and regulatory oversight are necessary to further optimize the use of dexmedetomidine and address any emerging safety concerns.
7. Midazolam

Midazolam is a benzodiazepine medication that is widely used in various medical settings, including anesthesia, critical care, and emergency medicine. As a short-acting sedative-hypnotic agent, midazolam is valued for its ability to provide rapid onset of action and effective sedation, as well as its amnestic properties. Midazolam is commonly used for procedural sedation, the management of acute agitation or seizures, and as a premedication before surgical procedures. However, the use of midazolam is not without risks, as it can lead to respiratory depression, cognitive impairment, and the potential for abuse and dependence. Healthcare providers must carefully assess the risks and benefits of using midazolam, and ensure that it is administered in a controlled and monitored setting by trained professionals. Ongoing research and regulatory oversight are necessary to optimize the safe and effective use of this important medication, while also addressing concerns about its potential for misuse and diversion.
8. Nimbex(Cisatracurium)

Nimbex, also known as cisatracurium, is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that is commonly used in anesthesia and critical care settings. Cisatracurium is valued for its ability to provide reliable and predictable muscle relaxation, which is essential for facilitating endotracheal intubation and various surgical procedures. Unlike some other neuromuscular blockers, cisatracurium has a relatively low risk of cardiovascular side effects and is less dependent on organ function for its metabolism and elimination. However, the use of cisatracurium, like other neuromuscular blocking agents, requires careful monitoring and the expertise of trained healthcare providers to ensure the safe and effective management of the patient's respiratory function and muscle tone. Ongoing research and regulatory oversight are necessary to continue optimizing the use of cisatracurium and addressing any emerging safety concerns related to its administration.
9. Esmeron(Rocuronium)

Esmeron, also known as rocuronium, is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that is widely used in anesthesia and critical care settings. Rocuronium is valued for its rapid onset of action and intermediate duration of effect, making it a useful tool for facilitating endotracheal intubation and providing muscle relaxation during surgical procedures. Compared to some other neuromuscular blockers, rocuronium is generally considered to have a favorable safety profile, with a lower risk of cardiovascular side effects. However, the use of rocuronium, like other neuromuscular blocking agents, requires careful monitoring and the expertise of trained healthcare providers to ensure the safe and effective management of the patient's respiratory function and muscle tone. Ongoing research and regulatory oversight are necessary to continue optimizing the use of rocuronium and addressing any emerging safety concerns related to its administration.
10. Vecaron(Vecuronium)

Vecaron, also known as vecuronium, is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that is commonly used in anesthesia and critical care settings. Vecuronium is valued for its intermediate duration of action and relatively predictable pharmacokinetic profile, making it a useful tool for providing muscle relaxation during surgical procedures. Compared to some other neuromuscular blockers, vecuronium is generally considered to have a favorable safety profile, with a lower risk of cardiovascular side effects. However, the use of vecuronium, like other neuromuscular blocking agents, requires careful monitoring and the expertise of trained healthcare providers to ensure the safe and effective management of the patient's respiratory function and muscle tone. Ongoing research and regulatory oversight are necessary to continue optimizing the use of vecuronium and addressing any emerging safety concerns related to its administration.
11. Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine is a potent vasoactive medication that plays a critical role in the management of patients with shock, hypotension, and other hemodynamic instabilities. As a potent alpha-adrenergic agonist, norepinephrine is effective in increasing blood pressure and improving organ perfusion, making it an essential tool in the treatment of life-threatening conditions. However, the use of norepinephrine is not without risks, as it can lead to significant cardiovascular side effects, such as arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia, and tissue necrosis if not administered and monitored properly. Healthcare providers must carefully titrate the dose of norepinephrine and closely monitor the patient's response to ensure the safe and effective use of this medication. Ongoing research and regulatory oversight are necessary to optimize the use of norepinephrine and address any emerging safety concerns, particularly in the context of its use in critically ill patients.