슬관절치환술(TKRA) 수술과정 레포트(학점 A+)

문서 내 토픽

1. Gonarthrosis, Osteoarthritis

무릎관절증은 무릎에 염증이 발생하는 모든 질환이며 원인에 따라 일차성 무릎관절증과 이차성 무릎관절증으로 구분한다. 골관절염은 뼈의 관절면을 감싸고 있는 관절 연골이 마모되어 연골 밑의 뼈가 노출되고, 관절 주변의 활액막에 염증이 생겨 통증과 변형이 발생하는 질환이다. 흔히 퇴행성 관절염이라고도 하며 관절 질환 중에서 가장 빈도가 높은 질환이다.
2. TKRA(total knee replacement arthroplasty)

무릎의 관절염에 약물 복용이나 지지대 이용과 같은 비수술적 치료가 더 이상 더움이 되지 않는 경우, 관절을 인공관절로 대체하여 통증 완화, 다리 변형 교정, 정상적인 활동 재개에 도움이 되는 안전하고 효과적인 치료이다. 적응증은 보존적 치료로 치료가 어려울 정도로 진행된 무릎의 퇴행성 관절염, 류마티스 관절염, 외상 후 관절염, 보행과 같은 일상생활을 방해하는 통증이나 강직, 안정 시에도 지속되는 통증, 무릎 변형, 치료되지 않는 만성화된 무릎 염증 등이다.

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1. Gonarthrosis, Osteoarthritis

Gonarthrosis, also known as osteoarthritis of the knee, is a degenerative joint disease that affects the knee joint. It is a common condition that occurs when the cartilage in the knee joint gradually wears down, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. The primary causes of gonarthrosis include aging, joint injury, obesity, and genetic factors. As the cartilage deteriorates, the bones in the knee joint begin to rub against each other, causing inflammation, pain, and further damage to the joint. Symptoms of gonarthrosis can range from mild discomfort to severe, debilitating pain that can significantly impact a person's quality of life. Treatment options for gonarthrosis include conservative measures such as weight management, physical therapy, and pain medication, as well as more invasive interventions like joint injections and, in severe cases, total knee replacement surgery. Understanding the underlying causes and effective management strategies for gonarthrosis is crucial for improving the quality of life for those affected by this condition.
2. TKRA(total knee replacement arthroplasty)

Total knee replacement arthroplasty (TKRA) is a surgical procedure that involves replacing the damaged or worn-out parts of the knee joint with artificial components, known as a prosthesis. This procedure is typically recommended for individuals with advanced osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or other degenerative joint diseases that have caused significant pain, stiffness, and loss of function in the knee. The goal of TKRA is to alleviate pain, restore joint mobility, and improve the overall quality of life for the patient. During the procedure, the surgeon removes the damaged or diseased portions of the knee joint and replaces them with a prosthetic device, which is designed to mimic the natural movement and function of the knee. The prosthesis is typically made of metal, plastic, or a combination of materials, and is carefully fitted to the patient's unique anatomy to ensure optimal alignment and stability. Recovery from TKRA can be challenging, often requiring extensive physical therapy and rehabilitation, but the long-term benefits of the procedure can be significant, including reduced pain, improved mobility, and a return to many of the activities that were previously limited by the joint condition. Overall, TKRA is a highly effective and widely used treatment option for individuals with severe, debilitating knee joint problems.