RFIC 설계 및 실험 final exam

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1. Bandpass filter concept

Band pass filters using LC components are used in several radio frequency applications. These filters enable a band of frequencies to be passed through the filter, while those in the stop band of the band pass filter are rejected. Cascading the LPF and the HPF, a Band Pass Filter (BPF) can be obtained. Like the high pass filters and the low pass filters, there are two topologies that are used for these filters, namely the Pi and the T configurations. These resonant circuits are either series or parallel tuned LC circuits.
2. Bandpass filter ADS design

We designed T format bandpass LC filter by ADS. The cut-off frequencies for the bandwidth are 4.4GHz and 4.8GHz. The LPF (Low Pass Filter) has R0 = 50Ohm, fc = 4.8GHz, L1 = 3.315nH, and C1 = 1.326pF. The HPF (High Pass Filter) has R0 = 50Ohm, fc = 4.4GHz, L2 = 0.9048nH, and C2 = 0.362pF.
3. LNA concept

LNA: Low noise amp. For RX (amplify signal with small noise) noise figure, gain, linearity (dynamic range) LNA is normally placed at the first stage of RF receiver, because it promotes the low noise performance of receiver. Input 50ohm matching is also important due to matching with the antenna or RF filter. The NF and the gain in the first stage have the greatest impact on the NF in the overall system. The biggest influence in determining the sensitivity of the system the Mixer has a very high NF (approximately 10 dB) If the Mixer's NF is very low (about 2 dB or less), LNA is not required.
4. LNA ADS design

The LNA ADS design includes the DC bias point (Vds = 3V, Ids = 60mA), input match, stability, gate part, drain part, source part, noise figure, output match, and gain. For input matching, it is recommended to match the point where the NF value is minimal. For output matching, it is important to match the Conjugated values of S22 as matching points.

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1. Bandpass filter concept

Bandpass filters are an essential component in many electronic circuits, particularly in radio frequency (RF) and microwave applications. The bandpass filter concept involves designing a filter that allows signals within a specific frequency range to pass through while attenuating signals outside of that range. This is achieved by using a combination of capacitors and inductors, which create a resonant circuit that exhibits a frequency-dependent response. The design of a bandpass filter requires careful consideration of various parameters, such as the center frequency, bandwidth, and the desired level of attenuation in the stopband. Understanding the bandpass filter concept is crucial for engineers working in fields like telecommunications, signal processing, and wireless communications, as it enables them to design and implement efficient and effective filtering solutions for their applications.
2. Bandpass filter ADS design

The design of a bandpass filter using Advanced Design System (ADS) software is a powerful and versatile approach. ADS provides a comprehensive suite of tools and features that allow engineers to simulate, analyze, and optimize the performance of bandpass filters. The ADS design process typically involves defining the desired filter specifications, such as the center frequency, bandwidth, and attenuation requirements, and then using the software's circuit design and electromagnetic (EM) simulation capabilities to create and refine the filter topology. This may include selecting appropriate component values, adjusting the filter's physical layout, and performing EM simulations to account for parasitic effects. The ability to iteratively simulate and optimize the filter design within the ADS environment enables engineers to achieve the desired performance characteristics while considering practical implementation factors, such as size, cost, and manufacturability. The ADS-based bandpass filter design approach is widely adopted in the industry, as it allows for efficient and reliable development of high-performance filtering solutions.
3. LNA concept

The Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) concept is a fundamental building block in many RF and microwave systems, particularly in receiver front-ends. The primary purpose of an LNA is to amplify a weak input signal while introducing minimal additional noise, thereby improving the overall signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the system. The LNA concept involves the design of a specialized amplifier circuit that is optimized for low noise performance, typically achieved through the careful selection of transistor technology, biasing conditions, and matching network topologies. Key design considerations for an LNA include input impedance matching, noise figure, gain, and linearity. The LNA concept is crucial in applications such as wireless communications, radar, and satellite communications, where the received signals are often very weak and require amplification without significantly degrading the SNR. Understanding the LNA concept and its design principles is essential for engineers working in RF and microwave system design, as it enables them to develop high-performance, low-noise amplification solutions that are critical for the successful operation of these systems.
4. LNA ADS design

The design of a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) using Advanced Design System (ADS) software is a powerful and comprehensive approach. ADS provides a robust set of tools and features that allow engineers to simulate, analyze, and optimize the performance of LNA circuits. The ADS-based LNA design process typically involves defining the desired LNA specifications, such as the operating frequency, gain, noise figure, and input/output impedance requirements, and then using the software's circuit design and electromagnetic (EM) simulation capabilities to create and refine the LNA topology. This may include selecting appropriate transistor models, biasing circuits, and matching network components, as well as performing EM simulations to account for parasitic effects and layout considerations. The ability to iteratively simulate and optimize the LNA design within the ADS environment enables engineers to achieve the desired performance characteristics while considering practical implementation factors, such as power consumption, stability, and manufacturability. The ADS-based LNA design approach is widely adopted in the industry, as it allows for efficient and reliable development of high-performance, low-noise amplification solutions that are critical for various RF and microwave applications.