아주대학교 기초전기실험 A+ 예비보고서 Ch. 15, 16 (DC) 영문

문서 내 토픽

1. Ohm's Law

전류의 세기는 전압의 크기에 비례하고, 저항의 크기에 반비례한다. 따라서 I=V/R의 관계가 성립한다.
2. Capacitor

전자 회로에서 전하를 모으는 장치이다. 두 개의 금속판 전극과 절연체가 사이에 있으며, 전압이 가해지면 음극에는 음전하, 양극에는 양전하가 모인다. 이 원리를 이용하여 전하를 충전하거나 방전시킨다.
3. Series-Parallel RC Circuit

시간이 지나면 축전기가 완전히 충전되어 개방되므로 축전기를 통해 전류가 흐르지 않는다. 따라서 저항 R1에는 전압이 걸리지 않으며, C1과 C2가 병렬로 연결되어 있어 10V의 전압이 걸린다.
4. Time Constant

RC 회로에서 축전기 전압이 최종 전압의 63.2%에 도달하는 시간으로, 시간 상수 τ=RC로 계산할 수 있다. 축전기 용량이 100μF일 때 τ=10초, 220μF일 때 τ=22초이다.
5. Charging Network

병렬로 연결된 축전기의 총 용량은 각 축전기 용량의 합이다. 따라서 총 용량은 C_T=C_1+C_2=330μF이 된다. 시간 상수 τ=RC=33초이므로 축전기가 완전히 충전되는 시간은 5τ=165초이다.

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1. Ohm's Law

Ohm's law is a fundamental principle in electrical engineering that describes the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit. It states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it, and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor. This simple yet powerful law is the foundation for understanding and analyzing various electrical circuits and systems. It allows engineers to predict and control the behavior of electrical components, enabling the design of efficient and reliable electrical devices and systems. Ohm's law is a cornerstone of electrical theory and practice, and its understanding is crucial for anyone working in the field of electrical engineering.
2. Capacitor

Capacitors are essential components in electrical and electronic circuits, serving a variety of functions. They are capable of storing and releasing electrical energy, which makes them useful for filtering, timing, and energy storage applications. Capacitors come in various forms, such as electrolytic, ceramic, and film capacitors, each with its own unique characteristics and applications. The ability of capacitors to store and release energy is particularly important in circuits that involve alternating current (AC), where they can be used to block or pass specific frequencies. Additionally, capacitors play a crucial role in power supply filtering, decoupling, and timing circuits, contributing to the stability and reliability of electronic systems. Understanding the behavior and properties of capacitors is essential for designing and troubleshooting a wide range of electrical and electronic circuits.
3. Series-Parallel RC Circuit

The series-parallel RC circuit is a fundamental circuit topology that combines both series and parallel connections of resistors and capacitors. This type of circuit is commonly used in various electronic applications, such as filtering, timing, and power supply design. The analysis of a series-parallel RC circuit involves applying the principles of series and parallel circuits, as well as the concepts of capacitance and time constant. Understanding the behavior of series-parallel RC circuits is crucial for designing and troubleshooting complex electronic systems, as they are often used in signal processing, power management, and control systems. The ability to analyze and predict the response of a series-parallel RC circuit is a valuable skill for electrical and electronic engineers, as it allows them to optimize circuit performance, ensure stability, and meet design requirements.
4. Time Constant

The time constant is a fundamental concept in electrical and electronic circuits, particularly in the analysis of RC (resistor-capacitor) and RL (resistor-inductor) circuits. The time constant represents the time it takes for a capacitor to charge or discharge to a specific percentage of its final value, or for an inductor to reach a specific percentage of its final current. Understanding the time constant is crucial for designing and analyzing the transient behavior of electrical circuits, as it determines the rate of change in voltage or current over time. The time constant is directly related to the values of the resistance and capacitance (or inductance) in the circuit, and it plays a crucial role in the design of filters, timing circuits, and power supply systems. Mastering the concept of time constant is essential for electrical and electronic engineers, as it allows them to predict and control the dynamic behavior of circuits, ensuring their proper operation and performance.
5. Charging Network

A charging network is a circuit that is used to charge a capacitor or a battery. The charging network typically consists of a power source, a resistor, and a capacitor (or a battery) connected in series. The purpose of the charging network is to control the rate at which the capacitor or battery is charged, ensuring that the charging process is safe and efficient. The charging network's behavior is governed by the time constant, which is the product of the resistance and capacitance (or inductance) in the circuit. By selecting the appropriate values for the resistor and capacitor, engineers can design charging networks that meet specific requirements, such as charging time, maximum current, and voltage limits. Understanding the principles of charging networks is essential for the design of power supplies, battery chargers, and other electronic systems that require controlled charging of energy storage devices. Mastering the analysis and design of charging networks is a valuable skill for electrical and electronic engineers.