아주대학교 기초전기실험 A+ 예비보고서 Ch. 12, 13 (DC)

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1. Thevenin's Theorem

Thevenin's Theorem은 전원을 포함하는 회로에서 2단자 a, b를 개방했을 때 2단자 사이의 전압 V_ab와 ab에 임피던스 Z를 연결한 경우 이 임피던스에 흐르는 전류 I의 관계를 설명하는 이론입니다. 실험을 통해 Thevenin's Theorem을 확인하고, 가변저항을 이용하여 load에 maximum power가 전달되는 저항을 구해보고 측정값과 이론값을 비교해 보았습니다.
2. Norton's Theorem

Norton's Theorem은 전압원, 전류원, 저항의 어떠한 조합이라도 이상적인 전류원 I_No와 병렬저항 R_No로 변환하여 전기적 등가를 설명하는 이론입니다. 실험을 통해 Norton's Theorem을 확인하고, Voltage source를 이용하여 Current source를 만들어 보았습니다.
3. Ohm's Law

옴의 법칙에 따르면 회로에 흐르는 전류의 세기는 전압의 크기에 비례하고 저항의 크기에 반비례합니다. 따라서 저항, 전압, 전류 사이에는 I = V/R 관계가 성립합니다. 이 실험에서는 옴의 법칙을 기반으로 Thevenin's Theorem과 Norton's Theorem을 이해하고 검증하였습니다.
4. Maximum Power Transfer

최대 전력 전달은 부하 저항 R_L이 Thevenin 등가 저항 R_Th와 같을 때 발생합니다. 실험에서는 가변저항을 조절하여 V_L = E_Th/2가 되는 R_L을 찾고, 이때의 R_L이 R_Th와 같음을 확인하였습니다. 또한 R_L 값 변화에 따른 V_L과 P_L의 변화를 관찰하여 최대 전력 전달 지점을 확인하였습니다.
5. Source Conversion

노턴의 정리를 테브냉의 정리로 변환할 때는 E_Th = I_N * R_N, R_N = R_Th의 관계가 성립합니다. 실험에서는 가변저항을 R_N과 같도록 조절하여 테브냉 회로를 구성하고, 측정값과 이론값 사이의 오차를 확인하였습니다.

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1. Thevenin's Theorem

Thevenin's theorem is a fundamental concept in electrical engineering that allows us to simplify complex circuits into an equivalent circuit with a single voltage source and a single series resistance. This theorem is particularly useful when analyzing the behavior of a circuit from the perspective of a load connected to it. By reducing the circuit to a Thevenin equivalent, we can easily determine the voltage and current delivered to the load, as well as the power dissipated in the load. Thevenin's theorem is widely used in various applications, such as power supply design, amplifier analysis, and load matching, making it an essential tool for electrical engineers. Its simplicity and versatility make it a crucial concept in the understanding and analysis of electrical circuits.
2. Norton's Theorem

Norton's theorem is another fundamental concept in electrical engineering that is closely related to Thevenin's theorem. It allows us to represent a complex circuit as an equivalent circuit with a current source and a parallel resistance. This representation is particularly useful when analyzing the behavior of a circuit from the perspective of a load connected to it. By reducing the circuit to a Norton equivalent, we can easily determine the current delivered to the load, as well as the power dissipated in the load. Norton's theorem is widely used in various applications, such as power supply design, amplifier analysis, and load matching, just like Thevenin's theorem. Its simplicity and versatility make it a crucial concept in the understanding and analysis of electrical circuits, and it is often used in conjunction with Thevenin's theorem to provide a comprehensive understanding of circuit behavior.
3. Ohm's Law

Ohm's law is a fundamental principle in electrical engineering that describes the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in a simple electrical circuit. It states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it, and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor. Ohm's law is a powerful tool that allows us to analyze and design electrical circuits with ease. It is the foundation for many other concepts in electrical engineering, such as power, energy, and circuit analysis. Ohm's law is widely used in various applications, from basic household electronics to complex industrial systems. Its simplicity and universality make it an essential concept for anyone studying or working in the field of electrical engineering.
4. Maximum Power Transfer

The maximum power transfer theorem is a fundamental concept in electrical engineering that describes the conditions under which the maximum amount of power can be delivered from a source to a load. This theorem states that the maximum power transfer occurs when the load resistance is equal to the source resistance. This is particularly important in applications where power efficiency is a critical factor, such as in power amplifiers, transmission lines, and energy harvesting systems. By understanding the maximum power transfer theorem, engineers can design circuits and systems that optimize the transfer of power, ensuring that the maximum amount of energy is delivered to the load. This concept is widely used in various fields, including electronics, telecommunications, and renewable energy, making it an essential tool for electrical engineers.
5. Source Conversion

Source conversion is a fundamental concept in electrical engineering that allows us to transform a circuit with one type of source (e.g., voltage source) into an equivalent circuit with a different type of source (e.g., current source). This is particularly useful when analyzing and designing complex circuits, as it allows us to simplify the circuit and apply various analysis techniques more effectively. Source conversion is often used in conjunction with Thevenin's and Norton's theorems, as it enables us to convert between voltage and current sources, which can be more convenient for certain types of analysis. Understanding source conversion is crucial for electrical engineers, as it allows them to manipulate and analyze circuits in a more efficient and effective manner. This concept is widely used in various applications, from power electronics to control systems, making it an essential tool in the field of electrical engineering.