연세대 23-2 기초아날로그실험 A+5주차 결과보고서

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1. Passive LPF Design

이번 실험에서는 Passive LPF 회로를 구현하였다. 이론적으로 4kHz의 cut off frequency를 만족하는 커패시터와 인덕터 값을 계산하였고, 실제 실험에서는 유사한 소자를 직/병렬로 연결하여 구현하였다. 실험 결과, cut off frequency가 4kHz로 나타났지만 이론값과 7.24%의 오차가 있었다. 이는 실제 소자 값의 차이와 노이즈 등의 영향으로 인한 것으로 분석된다.
2. Active BRF Design

다음으로 Active BRF 회로를 구현하였다. 이론적으로 60Hz의 Notch frequency와 Q-factor>4를 만족하는 소자 값을 계산하였고, 실제 실험에서는 유사한 소자를 사용하여 구현하였다. 그러나 실험 결과, 이론값과 크게 다른 주파수에서 Notch가 관찰되었다. 이는 회로 설계 오류, 전원 공급 문제, 소자 오차 등 다양한 요인으로 인한 것으로 분석된다.

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1. Passive LPF Design

Passive low-pass filters (LPFs) are an essential component in many electronic circuits, used to remove high-frequency noise and unwanted signals. The design of a passive LPF involves carefully selecting the values of the resistor and capacitor to achieve the desired cutoff frequency and filter characteristics. One of the key advantages of passive LPFs is their simplicity and reliability. They do not require an external power source and can be easily implemented using basic electronic components. This makes them a popular choice in various applications, such as power supplies, audio systems, and sensor interfaces. When designing a passive LPF, it is important to consider factors such as the desired cutoff frequency, the input and output impedances, and the required attenuation characteristics. The cutoff frequency is typically determined by the RC time constant, which is the product of the resistance and capacitance values. By adjusting these values, the designer can control the frequency at which the filter begins to attenuate the signal. Additionally, the input and output impedances of the filter must be taken into account to ensure proper signal transfer and to avoid loading effects. The designer should also consider the filter's roll-off rate, which determines how quickly the signal is attenuated above the cutoff frequency. Overall, the design of a passive LPF requires a careful balance of various parameters to achieve the desired performance. With a thorough understanding of the underlying principles and design considerations, engineers can create effective passive LPF circuits that meet the specific requirements of their applications.
2. Active BRF Design

Active band-reject filters (BRFs) are a type of electronic filter that are designed to attenuate a specific range of frequencies while allowing the rest of the frequency spectrum to pass through. These filters are commonly used in various applications, such as audio processing, signal conditioning, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) mitigation. The design of an active BRF involves the use of active components, such as operational amplifiers (op-amps), to create a filter circuit that can provide a higher level of performance and flexibility compared to passive filter designs. The active components allow for the implementation of more complex filter topologies, such as Sallen-Key or Multiple Feedback (MFB) configurations, which can provide sharper cutoff characteristics and better control over the filter's parameters. When designing an active BRF, the key considerations include the desired center frequency, bandwidth, and attenuation level. The center frequency is typically determined by the values of the resistors and capacitors in the filter circuit, while the bandwidth and attenuation level can be adjusted by varying the component values and the op-amp's gain. Additionally, the designer must consider the stability and noise performance of the active filter circuit. The choice of op-amp and the layout of the circuit can have a significant impact on these factors, and careful design and simulation are often necessary to ensure the desired performance. Overall, the design of an active BRF requires a deeper understanding of filter theory, op-amp characteristics, and circuit design principles. By carefully considering these factors, engineers can create effective active BRF circuits that meet the specific requirements of their applications.