[A+ 발표자료] 뮐러주택,르꼬르뷔지에 비교조사 발표

문서 내 토픽

1. Closed room

밀폐 공간은 내력벽 축조식 벽을 이용한 건축에서 나타나는 공간으로, 내력벽으로 인해 제한된 크기를 가진 개구부의 작고 밀폐된 실이 구성된다. Adolf Loos의 Villa Muller가 Closed room 건축 방식을 보여준다.
2. Raumplan

건축물 내부의 각 공간이 그 행위에 맞는 스케일을 지니게 하여, 사용자의 심리상태에 적합하도록 하는 공간 구성법. Villa Muller에서 Raumplan이 적용되었다.
3. Free plan

프레임 구조를 이용한 건축에서 나타나는 공간으로, 벽이 사라진 프레임 구조를 이용해 평면을 자유롭게 구성할 수 있다. Le Corbusier의 Weissenof siedlung이 Free plan 건축 방식을 보여준다.
4. Villa Muller

Adolf Loos가 설계한 주택으로, Closed room과 Raumplan 건축 방식이 적용되었다.
5. Weissenof siedlung

Le Corbusier가 참여한 독일공작연맹의 주택단지 프로젝트로, Free plan 건축 방식이 적용되었다. 당대 사회적 문제 해결을 위해 저렴한 재료, 장식없는 회반죽 벽면, 평평한 지붕, 효율적인 실내 구성 등의 특징을 지닌다.

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1. Closed room

Closed room is an architectural concept that emphasizes the importance of creating a sense of enclosure and privacy within a building. This approach often involves the use of walls, doors, and other architectural elements to define and separate different spaces, providing a sense of intimacy and control over the environment. The closed room can be seen as a reaction to the more open and fluid spatial arrangements of earlier architectural styles, and it reflects a desire for a more structured and compartmentalized living experience. While the closed room can offer a sense of security and privacy, it can also be criticized for limiting the flow of natural light and air, and for creating a more isolated and insular living environment. Ultimately, the merits of the closed room approach depend on the specific context and the needs and preferences of the building's occupants.
2. Raumplan

Raumplan is an architectural concept developed by the Austrian architect Adolf Loos, which emphasizes the importance of creating a continuous, interconnected series of spaces within a building. Rather than relying on a traditional floor plan with clearly defined rooms, the Raumplan approach involves a more fluid and organic arrangement of spaces, with different levels and volumes seamlessly integrated into a cohesive whole. This approach allows for a more efficient use of space and a more dynamic and engaging living experience, as the occupants can move freely between different areas of the building and experience a sense of spatial continuity. At the same time, the Raumplan can be challenging to implement, as it requires a high degree of spatial awareness and a deep understanding of the relationships between different volumes and levels. Overall, the Raumplan represents a significant departure from traditional architectural approaches and continues to be an influential and thought-provoking concept in the field of design.
3. Free plan

The free plan is an architectural concept that emphasizes the flexibility and openness of a building's interior layout. Rather than relying on a rigid, predetermined floor plan, the free plan approach allows for a more fluid and adaptable arrangement of spaces, with walls and partitions that can be easily reconfigured or removed to accommodate changing needs and preferences. This approach is often associated with the modernist movement in architecture, which sought to break away from the constraints of traditional building design and create more dynamic and responsive living environments. The free plan can offer a number of benefits, including increased natural light, better air circulation, and a greater sense of spaciousness and connectivity between different areas of the building. However, it can also present challenges in terms of privacy, acoustics, and the need for careful planning and coordination to ensure that the overall design remains cohesive and functional. Overall, the free plan represents a significant shift in architectural thinking and continues to be an influential and widely-adopted approach in contemporary design.
4. Villa Muller

The Villa Muller, designed by the Czech architect Adolf Loos, is a significant example of the Raumplan approach to architectural design. Completed in 1930, the villa is characterized by its complex and interconnected series of spaces, with different levels and volumes seamlessly integrated into a cohesive whole. The Raumplan concept is evident in the way the building's interior is organized, with a series of interconnected rooms and spaces that flow into one another, creating a sense of spatial continuity and fluidity. The villa's exterior, with its clean lines and lack of ornament, also reflects Loos' modernist aesthetic and his rejection of the decorative excesses of the past. Overall, the Villa Muller is a masterful example of Loos' architectural vision, and it continues to be an influential and widely-studied work in the field of modern architecture.
5. Weissenof siedlung

The Weissenhof Siedlung, also known as the Weissenhof Estate, is a housing development in Stuttgart, Germany that was designed and built in 1927 as part of the Deutscher Werkbund exhibition. The project was overseen by the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and involved the participation of several other prominent modernist architects, including Le Corbusier, Walter Gropius, and J.J.P. Oud. The Weissenhof Siedlung is considered a seminal example of the International Style of architecture, which emphasized functionalism, simplicity, and the use of modern materials and construction techniques. The development features a series of interconnected, minimalist-inspired buildings that showcase the architects' innovative approaches to residential design, including the use of open floor plans, large windows, and flat roofs. While the Weissenhof Siedlung faced some criticism and controversy at the time of its construction, it has since become widely recognized as a landmark of modern architecture and a testament to the collaborative spirit of the Deutscher Werkbund movement.