우리나라 다문화가족 청소년의 체중 상태와 관련한 식생활 및 생활습관 요인 분석: 2017-2018년 청소년건강행태조사 자료를 활용하여 (Dietary and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Weight Status among Korean Adolescents from Multicultural Families: Using Data from the 2017–2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 대한지역사회영양학회
· 수록지 정보 : 대한지역사회영양학회지 / 24권 / 6호 / 465 ~ 475페이지
· 저자명 : 송수진, 송효준

초록

본 연구에서는 2017-2018년 청소년건강행태조사 자료를 활용하여 우리나라 다문화가족 청소년의 체중 상태를 평가하고, 체중 상태와 관련한 식생활 및 생활습관 요인을 파악하였다. 성별, 연령별 BMI 백분위수를 고려하여 체중 상태를 평가한 결과, 우리나라 다문화가족 청소년의 과체중/비만 유병률은 20.9%, 저체중은 7.4%로 나타났으며, 성별, 학교급, 거주 지역, 가구 소득에 따른 체중 상태는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 다문화가족 청소년 중 최근 7일 동안 아침 식사를 하루도 하지 않은 청소년에 비해 3-4일 섭취한경우와 5일 이상 섭취한 경우 과체중/비만 유병 위험이 각각42%, 37% 낮았다. 또한 탄산음료를 주 5회 이상 섭취한 청소년은 탄산음료를 섭취하지 않은 청소년에 비해 과체중/비만의 유병률이 1.69배 높은 것으로 나타났다. 주관적 건강상태를 좋지 않다고 인식하는 청소년과 체중 감소를 위해 노력한 적이 있다고 응답한 청소년에서 과체중/비만 유병 위험이 유의적으로 높았다. 저체중과 관련한 식생활 요인으로 패스트푸드를 주 3회 이상 섭취한 청소년은 전혀 섭취하지 않은 청소년에 비해 저체중 유병 위험이 1.97배 높은 것으로나타났으며, 라면이나 스낵류 섭취 빈도가 주 3회 이상인 경우 저체중 유병률이 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 다문화가족 청소년의 체중 상태를 평가하기 위한 지속적인 모니터링과 이들의 식생활에 대한 질적, 양적 연구가 수행되어야 할 것이다. 이를 바탕으로 다문화가족 청소년의 건강 격차를 줄이기 위한 영양 중재 프로그램의 마련이 필요하다고 사료된다.
Results: Among Korean adolescents from multicultural families, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 20.9%, whereas about 7% of adolescents were underweight. The weight status did not show differences according to gender, school level, area of residence, and household income. Compared to adolescents who did not have breakfast during the previous week, those who had breakfast 3-4 days/week and ≥5 days/week had a 42% (p=0.021) and a 37% (p=0.009) lower prevalence of overweight/obesity, respectively. The adolescents who frequently consumed carbonated soft drinks (≥5 times/week) showed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.69 (95% CI=1.01-2.83) for overweight/obesity relative to those adolescents who did not consume carbonated soft drinks. The OR of being underweight for adolescents who ate fast food ≥3 times/week was 1.97 (95% CI=1.04-3.71) compared to those adolescents who had not eaten fast food during the previous week.
Conclusions: Dietary and lifestyle factors were associated with overweight/obesity as well as underweight among Korean adolescents in multicultural families. Our findings could be used to design and provide nutrition interventions for this specific population.

영어초록

Objectives: This study investigated dietary and lifestyle factors associated with the weight status among Korean adolescents in multicultural families.
Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 1,751 multicultural families’ adolescents who participated in the 2017–2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. Information on dietary and lifestyle factors was self-reported using a web-based questionnaire and this information included breakfast and foods consumption, perceived health status, alcohol drinking, smoking, physical activity, and weight control efforts. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated based on the self-reported height and body weight (kg/m2 ). Weight status was assessed according to the 2017 Korean National Growth Chart: underweight (weight-for-age <5th percentiles), overweight (85th≤ BMI-for-age <95th percentiles), and obese (BMI-for-age ≥95th percentiles).
Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the dietary and lifestyle factors associated with weight status after adjustment for covariates.
Results: Among Korean adolescents from multicultural families, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 20.9%, whereas about 7% of adolescents were underweight. The weight status did not show differences according to gender, school level, area of residence, and household income. Compared to adolescents who did not have breakfast during the previous week, those who had breakfast 3-4 days/week and ≥5 days/week had a 42% (p=0.021) and a 37% (p=0.009) lower prevalence of overweight/obesity, respectively. The adolescents who frequently consumed carbonated soft drinks (≥5 times/week) showed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.69 (95% CI=1.01-2.83) for overweight/obesity relative to those adolescents who did not consume carbonated soft drinks. The OR of being underweight for adolescents who ate fast food ≥3 times/week was 1.97 (95% CI=1.04-3.71) compared to those adolescents who had not eaten fast food during the previous week.
Conclusions: Dietary and lifestyle factors were associated with overweight/obesity as well as underweight among Korean adolescents in multicultural families. Our findings could be used to design and provide nutrition interventions for this specific population.

참고자료

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