동학·천도교의 개화운동과 ‘하날(天)’문명론 (Progressive movement(開化運動) of the Donghak(東學)/Chondogyo(天道敎) and the ‘Hanal(天)’ Civilization)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 고려대학교세종캠퍼스 한국학연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 한국학연구 / 66호 / 255 ~ 285페이지
· 저자명 : 정혜정

초록

동학운동이 개화혁신운동으로 방향을 전환한 것은 이종일, 양한묵, 장효근 등 독립협회의 개화파와의 교류에서 비롯된다. 이종일은 실학의 계승으로서 동학사상을 인식했고, 동학을 항일세력으로 인식하였으며 ‘동학은 민족의 호흡’과 같다 하였다. 천도교의 개화운동은 우리 고유정신인 하날정신에 기초하여 교정쌍전의 종교문명과 정치문명, 그리고 도덕문명을 지향하는 것이었다. 또한 이는 궁극적으로 개화신생활운동, 성신쌍전과 교정일치, 민권의 공화와 지방자치를 표방한 것이었다. 특히 의암 손병희는 천인(天人)의 하날격(天格)을 통해 인화(人和)를 이룸으로써 이를 국민 전체의 합의체를 이끌어내는 공화의 근거로 삼았고, 자치제를 지속적으로 거론하여 실제 1907년 지방자치제가 홍천군에서 실시되었던 사실이 주목된다. 천도교의 개화운동은 하날문명의 진보에 초점을 둔 국학운동이자 자주독립운동으로서 동학이 지닌 개벽사상의 시대적 변용이었다고 말할 수 있다.

영어초록

The Donghak(東學) movement has turned its direction to the progressive movement. It came from the interaction with people of Korean independence club such as Jong-il Lee, Han-mook Yang, and Hyo-keun Jang. At that time, the progressive movement means the progress of civilization. Jong-il Lee recognized Donghak's thought as a succession of Silhak(實學) and Donghak(東學) as an anti-Japanese force. He also said that "Donghak(東學) is like a breath of the nation". He argued early on that Donghak(東學) had been a progressive movement since the beginning of the Donghak movement because it was the idea of human equality and innovation thought. Progressive movement(開化運動) of the Donghak(東學)/Chondogyo(天道敎) is based on the Hanal(天) thought of the Cheonin(天人), our own spirit. And it was aimed at the religious civilization, political civilization, and moral civilization of the twin pairs in religion and politics. And it was aimed at the religious civilization, political civilization, and moral civilization of the twin in religion and politics. It is also expressed as a Samdan(三團, three groups) that unifies our people, our spirit and our country. All of these ultimately proclaimed the innovation movement of new life, the integration and completion of spirituality and body(性身雙全), the unity of religion and politics(敎政一致), and republican of civil rights and local government system. The Chondogyo(天道敎) achieved a people's unity by unity of Harmal and human(天人合一), and it was made the basis of the Republic that led to the consensus of the whole people. In addition, it is noted that by continuously addressing the local government system it was practiced in Hongcheon Gun(洪川郡) in 1907. At that time, the municipal government was recognized as the basis of national independence and the progress of world civilization. The progressive movement of Donghak/Chondogyo was a national academy movement and often an independence movement focusing on the progress of Hanal(天) civilization.

참고자료

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