『삼봉집』과 권근의 역할 (Characteristics of 『Sambong-jib』 and the Role of Gweon Geun)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국고전번역원
· 수록지 정보 : 민족문화 / 40권 / 40호 / 139 ~ 169페이지
· 저자명 : 도현철

초록

본고는 모두 3차례 즉 우왕11-13년 혹은 태조 6년의 2권의 초간본과 성종 18년의 8권의 중간본, 정조 15년의 14권으로 간행된 『삼봉집』의 성종본과 정조본을 비교하고, 『삼봉집』의 완성에 크게 간여한 권근의 역할과 역사적 의미를 살펴보려는 것이 목표였다.
성종본과 비교하여, 정조본은 새로 찾은 시문 자료를 3권에서 4권으로 늘리고, 『조선경국전』과 『경제문감별집』을 상․하로 나누었으며, 『불씨잡변』을 1권으로 독립시켰고, 陣法, 습유, 부록을 따로 2권으로 마련하면서 14권으로 늘어나게 되었던 것이다. 아울러 내용상의 세밀한 고증을 통해, 성석린의 ‘批’, 權近의 ‘訂’과 ‘註’ 등 조력자와 그 역할을 명기하였고, 『불씨잡변』과 『경제문감별집』은 細註로 그것의 전거를 밝혀 놓았다.
명종 2년에 간행된 『입학도설』에는 『삼봉집』에 있는 「心問天答」과 「心氣理三篇」이 실려 있는데, 이는 초학자를 위하여 유학의 기본 원리를 도설로 설명하는 과정에서 『입학도설』의 취지에 어느 정도 부합했기 때문이다.
그런데 『삼봉집』과 『입학도설』에는 「心問天答」과 「心氣理三篇」에 대한 권근의 주석 방법이 다르게 표시되어 있다. 전자에는 권근이 주석한 사실이 애매하게 표시되어 있고, 정도전이 저술한 부분과 권근이 주석한 부분의 구분이 명료하지 않다. 그러나 명종 2년에 간행된 『입학도설』에 권근이 주석한 사실이 細註로 표시되어 있어 이를 통해 정도전이 저술한 부분은 선언적인 몇 句에 불과하고, 권근이 주석한 부분이 주요 내용을 이루고 있다는 사실이 분명하게 드러나고 두 작품은 결국 권근의 저술이라는 것을 암묵적으로 보여준다. 결국 정조본과 성종본 『삼봉집』을 비교해 보고, 『입학도설』 안에 있는 「心問天答」과 「心氣理三篇」을 분석해 볼 때, 『삼봉집』의 편찬에는 권근이 절대적인 참여가 있음을 알 수 있다.

영어초록

『Sambong-jib』, the personal anthology of Jeong Doe-jeon, was compiled and published for total of three times, throughout the Go'ryeo and Joseon periods. The first one, which was compiled into 2 volumes, is believed to have been published between the 11th and 13th years of Go'ryeo king Wu-wang's reign, while some believe that this first edition was published in the 6th year of Joseon King Taejo's reign. Then, an 8-volumed 'Second edition' was compiled and published in the 18th year of (Joseon) King Seongjong's reign. And for the last time, a 'Third edition,' which featured total of 14 volumes, was compiled and published in the 15th year of King Jeongjo's reign. In this article, the 'second' and 'third' editions will be compared with each other, in order to define the role which Gweon Geun, one of the colleagues of Jeong Doe-jeon, played in the process, and determine what kind of contribution he made to the completion of 『Sambong-jib』.
Unlike the "Second Edition"("Seongjong's Edition"), the "Third Edition"("Jeongjo's Edition") added some newly found poems of Jeong Doe-jeon, and enlarged that section from three volumes to four. The "Third Edition" also divided 『Joseon Gyeong'guk-jeon』 and 『Gyeong'je Mun'gam Byeoljib』 into two parts respectively, and separated 『Bulshi Jab'byeon』 into a single volume. Themes like 'Military postures (Jin'beob/陣法),' "Seub'yu" and a 'Supplementary' section were all compiled into two volumes. We can see that all these modifications resulted in total of 14 volumes. And at the same time, the contents were thoroughly proofread as well. All the help provided from the others, such as Seong Seok-rin's ‘Bi/批' Reviews, Gweon Geun's ‘Jeong/訂' Corrections and ‘Ju/註' Annotations, were duly acknowledged. 『Bulshi Jab'byeon』 and 『Gyeong'je Mun'gam Byeoljib』 have small-lettered side notes(細註) inside, to indicate sources of the material on the pages.
Included inside 『Ib'hak Do'seol』, published in the 2nd year of King Myeongjong's reign, are 「Shim'mun Cheon'dab(心問天答, "Soul asks, Heaven answers")」 and 「Shim-Gi-Ri Sam'pyeon(心氣理三篇, "Heart, Energy, Reason")」, which were both originally inside 『Sambong-jib』. The reason for these two texts' inclusion in both 『Sambong-jib』 and 『Ib'hak Do'seol』 is because they were all adequate materials to be used in teaching young students of the primary principles of Confucianism.
What should be noted is the fact that Gweon Geun's annotation of 「Shim'mun Cheon'dab」 and 「Shim-Gi-Ri Sam'pyeon」 is featured differently in 『Sambong-jib』 and 『Ib'hak Do'seol』. In the former(『Sambong-jib』), Gweon Geun's annotation is not that clearly indicated. The distinction between Jeong Doe-jeon's own writing and Gweon Geun's annotation is rather blurry. Then in 『Ib'hak Do'seol』, Gweon Geun's annotation is clearly featured in the form of small-lettered side notes. This means that Jeong Do-jeon only contributed a few declarative sentences for these two texts, while the 'rest' of it, or shall we say the 'most' of it, was in fact written by Gweon Geun. We can see both 「Shim'mun Cheon'dab」 and 「Shim-Gi-Ri Sam'pyeon」 were the writings of Gweon Geun.
In other words, we can see that Gweon Geun played an essential role in the compilation and publication of 『Sambong-jib』, from the comparisons made between the 'Second' and 'Third' editions, and from the analysis of 「Shim'mun Cheon'dab」 and 「Shim-Gi-Ri Sam'pyeon」 inside 『Ib'hak Do'seol』.

참고자료

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