오스만 제2입헌정부의 여성 정책과 그 한계 (The Ottoman Second Constitutional Regime's Policy on Women and Its Limitations)

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· 저자명 : 이은정

초록

This paper aims to examine the social status change of Ottoman women in the modernization process. During the period of the Tanzimat, far reaching reforms were undertaken by bureaucrats and intellectuals in the fields of administration, legislation and especially in regard to education. Although the reforms were not especially directed at changing the status of women, Ottoman women were affected by the economic, social, political, judicial and ideological transformation and started to acquire a better social and legal position in society. At this juncture, reformists sought ways to revive a floundering empire and voiced concern about the position of women in Ottoman society. The status and role of women attracted the attention of modernization movements at the end of the last century and early twentieth century. Especially in the last period of Ottoman Empire Young Turks played important roles in promoting of the social status of women. The liberation of women was considered a very important step in modernizing the state. The press made noticeable contributions to the discussions of the women's movement. During the Second Constitutional Period, debates on women and the family became more tightly and self-consciously integrated into ideological positions representing different recipes for salvaging the empire. These can be identified as Islamist, Westernist and Turkist positions. The Second Constitutional Regime tried to equip the Ottoman women with education and finer skills but was limited in its intentions in regard to the change in women's social role and gender relations. So the Second Constitutional Regime's policies led to considerable progress in certain areas but they fell short of achieving gender equality. In short, the Second Constitutional Regime stressed the emancipation of women but its policy only made women to improve their contribution to the new patriarchy as better wives and mothers and to the new nation as the citizen.

영어초록

This paper aims to examine the social status change of Ottoman women in the modernization process. During the period of the Tanzimat, far reaching reforms were undertaken by bureaucrats and intellectuals in the fields of administration, legislation and especially in regard to education. Although the reforms were not especially directed at changing the status of women, Ottoman women were affected by the economic, social, political, judicial and ideological transformation and started to acquire a better social and legal position in society. At this juncture, reformists sought ways to revive a floundering empire and voiced concern about the position of women in Ottoman society. The status and role of women attracted the attention of modernization movements at the end of the last century and early twentieth century. Especially in the last period of Ottoman Empire Young Turks played important roles in promoting of the social status of women. The liberation of women was considered a very important step in modernizing the state. The press made noticeable contributions to the discussions of the women's movement. During the Second Constitutional Period, debates on women and the family became more tightly and self-consciously integrated into ideological positions representing different recipes for salvaging the empire. These can be identified as Islamist, Westernist and Turkist positions. The Second Constitutional Regime tried to equip the Ottoman women with education and finer skills but was limited in its intentions in regard to the change in women's social role and gender relations. So the Second Constitutional Regime's policies led to considerable progress in certain areas but they fell short of achieving gender equality. In short, the Second Constitutional Regime stressed the emancipation of women but its policy only made women to improve their contribution to the new patriarchy as better wives and mothers and to the new nation as the citizen.

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