안동김씨 김방경가문의 족보 간행과 변천 (The Publication of the Family Genealogy of Kim Bang-gyeong from the Andong Kim Clan and Changes Thereto)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국중세사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국중세사연구 / 37호 / 165 ~ 195페이지
· 저자명 : 김난옥

초록

The oldest family genealogy of the Kim Bang-gyeong from the Andong Kim Clan, the Gyeongjinbo was published in 1580(13th year of King Seonjo). Although Kim Ik was asked to write the first draft of the family genealogy in 1519, his subsequent involvement in political upheavals ensured that it was not completed during his lifetime. The first actual genealogy of the Andong Kim clan was published in 1580 by Kim Ik’s grandson.
The Gyeongjinbo was based on the son’s family-oriented compilation system. Contrary to the Seonghwabo and Gajeongbo which included all the descendants regardless of whether they were those of the sons or daughters, the Gyeongjinbo recorded persons with the same surname in great details while only recording the descendants from daughters’ families in a haphazard manner. However, the children were recorded in the order of their births, with the emphasis being on the order of birth rather than whether they were male or female. Furthermore, the fact that there were very few instances in which adoption was pursued when there were no descendants shows that the succession of the family line through adoption was not yet emphasized.
The Gimibo was published 159 years after the compilation of the Gyeongjinbo. Unlike the Gyeongjinbo, the Gimibo was prepared in a separate volume by family lineage due to the extension of the recorded descendants. The Gimibo included more personal information than the Gyeongjinbo. In addition, the Gimibo abided by the principle of separating people into those that belonged to the same and different clans by not inserting the surname of those who were from the same clan. The children were recorded based on the son-first daughter-later principle. Furthermore, legitimate and illegitimate children were clearly distinguished from one another, with entries showing whether a son was a legitimate or illegitimate child.
The goals behind the publication of the Gyeongjinbo and Gimibo were respect for ancestors and the desire to continue the clan. While continuance of the family clan was not emphasized in the Gyeongjinbo, the separation of the family lineage and harmony between the relatives were emphasized in the Gimibo. The two genealogies exhibited similarities in terms of their differentiation of the family clan by limiting the recording scope of daughters’ descendants.
In conclusion, the Gyeongjinbo was a family genealogy that reflected the son’s descendants and the son-oriented notion of kinship rather than a ‘genealogy of the descendants’ that included all descendants without separating them into sons’ and daughters’ descendants. The fact that the children were recorded in the order of births and that adoption was not implemented means that the work can be regarded as a family genealogy during the transition from ‘genealogy of the descendants’ to ‘genealogy of the family clan’. However, the compilation method of family genealogies based on the son’s descendants and son-oriented system had become entrenched by the time the Gimibo was compiled. The separation of illegitimate sons was also clearly implemented. The Gimibo was a typical paternal-line based ‘genealogy of the family clan’ that appeared in late Joseon.

영어초록

The oldest family genealogy of the Kim Bang-gyeong from the Andong Kim Clan, the Gyeongjinbo was published in 1580(13th year of King Seonjo). Although Kim Ik was asked to write the first draft of the family genealogy in 1519, his subsequent involvement in political upheavals ensured that it was not completed during his lifetime. The first actual genealogy of the Andong Kim clan was published in 1580 by Kim Ik’s grandson.
The Gyeongjinbo was based on the son’s family-oriented compilation system. Contrary to the Seonghwabo and Gajeongbo which included all the descendants regardless of whether they were those of the sons or daughters, the Gyeongjinbo recorded persons with the same surname in great details while only recording the descendants from daughters’ families in a haphazard manner. However, the children were recorded in the order of their births, with the emphasis being on the order of birth rather than whether they were male or female. Furthermore, the fact that there were very few instances in which adoption was pursued when there were no descendants shows that the succession of the family line through adoption was not yet emphasized.
The Gimibo was published 159 years after the compilation of the Gyeongjinbo. Unlike the Gyeongjinbo, the Gimibo was prepared in a separate volume by family lineage due to the extension of the recorded descendants. The Gimibo included more personal information than the Gyeongjinbo. In addition, the Gimibo abided by the principle of separating people into those that belonged to the same and different clans by not inserting the surname of those who were from the same clan. The children were recorded based on the son-first daughter-later principle. Furthermore, legitimate and illegitimate children were clearly distinguished from one another, with entries showing whether a son was a legitimate or illegitimate child.
The goals behind the publication of the Gyeongjinbo and Gimibo were respect for ancestors and the desire to continue the clan. While continuance of the family clan was not emphasized in the Gyeongjinbo, the separation of the family lineage and harmony between the relatives were emphasized in the Gimibo. The two genealogies exhibited similarities in terms of their differentiation of the family clan by limiting the recording scope of daughters’ descendants.
In conclusion, the Gyeongjinbo was a family genealogy that reflected the son’s descendants and the son-oriented notion of kinship rather than a ‘genealogy of the descendants’ that included all descendants without separating them into sons’ and daughters’ descendants. The fact that the children were recorded in the order of births and that adoption was not implemented means that the work can be regarded as a family genealogy during the transition from ‘genealogy of the descendants’ to ‘genealogy of the family clan’. However, the compilation method of family genealogies based on the son’s descendants and son-oriented system had become entrenched by the time the Gimibo was compiled. The separation of illegitimate sons was also clearly implemented. The Gimibo was a typical paternal-line based ‘genealogy of the family clan’ that appeared in late Joseon.

참고자료

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