서천지역 일부 유아의 식행동 및 관련 요인 평가 (Dietary Behavior and Related Factors of Preschool Children in Seocheon-gun, Korea)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 동아시아식생활학회
· 수록지 정보 : 동아시아식생활학회지 / 32권 / 1호 / 34 ~ 45페이지
· 저자명 : 이승림, 원선임

초록

This study evaluated the dietary behavior and nutritional status of 249 infants aged 4-6 years in Seocheon-gun, Chungcheongnam-do. The dietary behavior of infants and the factors influencing NQ were assessed using the Nutrition Quotient (NQ). The NQ questionnaire comprised a checklist of 19 food behavior items, grouped into 5 categories: balance, variety, moderation, regularity, and practice. The NQ questionnaire was completed by mothers of the subjects, and anthropometric data of the children were measured using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer. All data were statistically analyzed by the SPSS program (Ver. 23), and statistical differences between variables were evaluated by the χ2-test, t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Duncan’s multiple range test. The total NQ score of the subject was determined to be 60.1 with no differences obtained between genders. The factor scores for balance, diversity, moderation, regularity, and practice were 53.3, 50.7, 76.8, 63.2, and 65.2 points, respectively. The mean balance, diversity, regularity, and practice scores did not meet the respective cut-off points, but the moderation score was determined to be above the cut-off point. The NQ-Diversity score of girls was significantly higher than the boys(p<0.05) with a higher and significantly different diversity score obtained with increasing age(p<0.05). Moreover, the NQ-Moderation score of the overweight/obesity(OW/OB) group was significantly lower than the subjects in the normal weight group. NQ-Moderation scores were higher among older mothers, and significantly higher for employed mothers. Particularly, the scores of consuming fast foods and late-night snacks were higher(p<0.05) in the normal weight group, as compared to the OW/OB group. Body fat mass levels of the children were found to be negatively correlated with diversity, regularity, practice and NQ scores. Percent body fat level also showed a negative correlation with balance, moderation and NQ scores, whereas obesity(%) level showed a negative correlation with moderation and practice scores. Positive correlations were obtained between age of the infant and diversity factors, and age of the mother with moderation factor. Overall results indicate that the NQ score of infants residing in Seocheon-gun is lower than the national average. Therefore, adequate nutrition education is required to correct the eating behavior and improve the nutritional status of children. We believe that results of this study can be used as basic data for the development of customized eating behavior improvement education programs by considering both the characteristics of children as well as the regional characteristics.

영어초록

This study evaluated the dietary behavior and nutritional status of 249 infants aged 4-6 years in Seocheon-gun, Chungcheongnam-do. The dietary behavior of infants and the factors influencing NQ were assessed using the Nutrition Quotient (NQ). The NQ questionnaire comprised a checklist of 19 food behavior items, grouped into 5 categories: balance, variety, moderation, regularity, and practice. The NQ questionnaire was completed by mothers of the subjects, and anthropometric data of the children were measured using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer. All data were statistically analyzed by the SPSS program (Ver. 23), and statistical differences between variables were evaluated by the χ2-test, t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Duncan’s multiple range test. The total NQ score of the subject was determined to be 60.1 with no differences obtained between genders. The factor scores for balance, diversity, moderation, regularity, and practice were 53.3, 50.7, 76.8, 63.2, and 65.2 points, respectively. The mean balance, diversity, regularity, and practice scores did not meet the respective cut-off points, but the moderation score was determined to be above the cut-off point. The NQ-Diversity score of girls was significantly higher than the boys(p<0.05) with a higher and significantly different diversity score obtained with increasing age(p<0.05). Moreover, the NQ-Moderation score of the overweight/obesity(OW/OB) group was significantly lower than the subjects in the normal weight group. NQ-Moderation scores were higher among older mothers, and significantly higher for employed mothers. Particularly, the scores of consuming fast foods and late-night snacks were higher(p<0.05) in the normal weight group, as compared to the OW/OB group. Body fat mass levels of the children were found to be negatively correlated with diversity, regularity, practice and NQ scores. Percent body fat level also showed a negative correlation with balance, moderation and NQ scores, whereas obesity(%) level showed a negative correlation with moderation and practice scores. Positive correlations were obtained between age of the infant and diversity factors, and age of the mother with moderation factor. Overall results indicate that the NQ score of infants residing in Seocheon-gun is lower than the national average. Therefore, adequate nutrition education is required to correct the eating behavior and improve the nutritional status of children. We believe that results of this study can be used as basic data for the development of customized eating behavior improvement education programs by considering both the characteristics of children as well as the regional characteristics.

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