17세기 存養齋 宋挺濂의 학문 연원과 그 역할 (The Origin of the Learning of Jonyangjae (存養齋) Song Jeong-ryeom(宋挺濂) in the 17th Century and Its Role)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 경상국립대학교 경남문화연구원
· 수록지 정보 : 南冥學硏究 / 78호 / 1 ~ 32페이지
· 저자명 : 강정화

초록

存養齋 宋挺濂은 17세기 강우지역을 대표하는 관료문인이다. 합천 유전마을은 南冥 曺植의 妻鄕으로, 副室인 송씨부인의 세거지이다. 유전마을 은진송씨가의 입향은 忠順衛 宋世勣에서 시작되었고, 조식은 그의 장남 宋珩 및 셋째아들 宋璘과 특히 교유가 깊었다. 송정렴은 송형의 증손이다.
그의 시대는 인조반정 이후 강우지역의 남명학이 쇠퇴해져 문중 전향이 일어나고, 학문적으로는 퇴계쪽 영남 남인과 近畿南人과의 절충을 통해 살길을 도모하던 시기이다. 송정렴은 鄭蘊·林眞怤에게 수학하였고, 당시 근기남인의 領袖였던 許穆과도 친밀히 종유하였다. 家學的으로는 부친 宋翊이 정온 문하의 동문이었고, 師承的으로는 外叔인 임진부를 비롯해 그의 외증조부 瞻慕堂 林芸에서부터 퇴계학과의 접목이 긴밀했다. 지역적으로 합천은 조식과 정인홍의 本鄕이고, 동향의 立齋 盧欽과 蘆坡 李屹은 조식의 문인이었으며, 그들에게 부친과 외숙이 수학하였다. 요컨대 송정렴은 정인홍 이후 정온-임진부로 이어지는 강우지역의 남명학과 퇴계학을 계승한 대표 인물이었다.
송정렴은 인조반정과 병자호란으로 인해 출사하지 못하고 강우지역에서 30대까지 보냈으나, 40대 초반 출사한 이후 장년기와 노년기를 官路에서 보냈다. 세상을 떠나기 3년 전까지도 벼슬이 계속해서 내려왔는데, 이는 17세기 강우문인으로서는 매우 특이한 官歷이며, 허목을 위시한 당시 근기남인의 집권과 매우 밀접하게 맞물려 있음을 확인하였다. 이와 동시에 강우지역에서는 남명학과 퇴계학의 거점에 해당하는 6개 서원의 院長을 역임하는 등 다양한 사회적 활동을 전개하였다.
송정렴 사후 강우지역은 회생의 기미를 보이지 않은 채 줄곧 쇠퇴의 길을 걸었고, 급기야 戊申亂(1728)이 발발한 이후로는 강우지역에 대한 경계와 불신이 짙어지면서 더욱 위축되었다. 엄밀히 말하면, 정인홍 이후 정온-임진부로 이어지던 학맥이 송정렴에 이르러 한 번 수렴되었고, 그 이후 합천·삼가·거창을 중심으로 하는 강우지역의 학맥은 없어졌다고 해도 과언이 아니다. 송정렴은 17세기 강우문인의 마지막 보루였다고 할 수 있다. 이것이 송정렴이 지닌 강우문인으로서의 위상이며, 우리가 그를 주목해야 하는 이유다.

영어초록

Jonyangjae Song Jeong-ryeom is a bureaucratic literary person representing the Gangwoo region in the 17th century. Hapcheon Yujeon Village is Nammyeong(南冥) Jo Shik(曺植)’s wife's hometown and the residence of the Eunjin Song clan for generations. The entry of the Eunjin Song Clan into Yujeon Village began with Chungsunwi(忠順衛) Song Se-jeok(宋世勣), and Nammyeong had especially deep friendships with his eldest son, Song Hyeong(宋珩), and third son, Song Rin(宋璘). Song Jeong-ryeom is the great-grandson of Song Hyeong.
His era was a time when the Nammyeong Study in the Gangwoo region declined after the Injo coup so that a clan conversion took place, and academically, the clan was seeking a way to live through a compromise with the Namin of Yeongnam and the Namin close to Gyeonggi in the Toegye side. Song Jeong-ryeom studied under Jeong On(鄭蘊) and Im Jin-bu(林眞怤), and also had a close friendship with Heo Mok(許穆), who was the leader of the Namin close to Gyeonggi at the time. In terms of the learning of his family, his father, Song Ik(宋翊), was an alumnus of the pupils of Jeong On, and in terms of inheritance of learning, his maternal uncle, Im Jin-bu, and his maternal great-grandfather, Cheommodang(瞻慕堂), Im Woon(林芸) were closely connected to the Toegye Study. Regionally, Hapcheon was the hometown of Nammyeong and Jeong In-hong, and Ipjae(立齋) Noh Heum(盧欽) and Nopa(蘆坡) Lee Heul (李屹) from the same hometown were Nammyeong's pupils. His father and maternal uncle studied under Noh Heum and Lee Heul. In short, Song Jeong-ryeom was a representative figure who inherited the Nammyeong Study and Toegye Study in the Gangwoo area, which continued to Jeong On-Im Jin-bu after Jeong In-hong.
Song Jeong-ryeom was unable to enter government service due to Injo coup and the Manchu war of 1636, and spent his 30s in the Gangwoo region. However, after entering government service in his early 40s, he spent his late middle age and old age in government services. Official positions were continuously given to him until even three years before his death and it was very unusual for a literary person in Gangwoo region in the 17th century, and it was confirmed that it was very closely intertwined with the power of the Namin close to Gyeonggi at the time, including Heo Mok. At the same time, he conducted various social activities, such as serving as the director of six lecture halls, which corresponded to the bases of the Nammyeong and Toegye Studies in the Gangwoo region.
After the death of Jonyangjae, the Gangwoo region continued to decline without showing any sign of revival, and after the outbreak of the Musin Rebellion (戊申亂, 1728), the wariness and distrust of the Gangwoo region grew stronger so that Gangwoo region further shrank. Strictly speaking, it is not an exaggeration to say that the academic lineage to Jeong On-Im Jin-bu after Jeong In-hong converged once with Song Jeong-ryeom, and after that, the academic lineage in the Gangwoo region centered on Hapcheon, Samga, and Geochang disappeared. It can be said that Song Jeong-ryeom was the last bastion of Gangwoo literary persons in the 17th century. This is the status of Jonyangjae as a Gangwoo literary person, and the reason why we should pay attention to him.

참고자료

· 없음