러시아 포스터 속의 제1차 세계대전 (The First World War in the Russian Posters)

서지정보

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· 저자명 : 박상철

초록

During the First World War, the publication of Russian propaganda posters was significantly increased and its outstanding artists participated in its making. Russian War Posters can be divided two categories: Russian traditional Lubok-style posters and European-style posters.
At early times of First World War, Lubok-style posters, with impressive images and a few sentences, delivered the news of Russian military victories to the Russian peoples, in particular, to peasants. By describing the German Emperor as a devil, emphasizing his ambitions of being a European Emperor, and/or accentuating the cruelty of the German army, they insisted the legitimacy of the 'defense war' of Russia, while highlighting the bravery and combat capability of the Russian soldiers and expressing the expectation of easy victory. But since the war was prolonged and the Russian army experienced continuous military defeats, lubok-style posters were unable to present a logical or moral explanation and the way how to overcome the difficult situation. It just disappeared from the market.
European-style poster is classified as 'charity' posters and war-bonds posters. Charity posters, usually advertising a charity event to the wealthier, were published not by the Russian government but by various charities and social organizations. These posters largely appealed to the patriotism, civic duty, and humanitarian feelings of the wealthier and, taking into account their tastes, showed bright and optimistic mood. However, some charity posters which overly stressed the sufferings of war victims had possibilities of imparting anti-war messages. War-bonds posters which emerged from 1916 described the real situation of the front and more actively reflected the stance of the government. But the purpose of some war-bonds posters was vague and unarticulated as compared to the other belligerent posters.

영어초록

During the First World War, the publication of Russian propaganda posters was significantly increased and its outstanding artists participated in its making. Russian War Posters can be divided two categories: Russian traditional Lubok-style posters and European-style posters.
At early times of First World War, Lubok-style posters, with impressive images and a few sentences, delivered the news of Russian military victories to the Russian peoples, in particular, to peasants. By describing the German Emperor as a devil, emphasizing his ambitions of being a European Emperor, and/or accentuating the cruelty of the German army, they insisted the legitimacy of the 'defense war' of Russia, while highlighting the bravery and combat capability of the Russian soldiers and expressing the expectation of easy victory. But since the war was prolonged and the Russian army experienced continuous military defeats, lubok-style posters were unable to present a logical or moral explanation and the way how to overcome the difficult situation. It just disappeared from the market.
European-style poster is classified as 'charity' posters and war-bonds posters. Charity posters, usually advertising a charity event to the wealthier, were published not by the Russian government but by various charities and social organizations. These posters largely appealed to the patriotism, civic duty, and humanitarian feelings of the wealthier and, taking into account their tastes, showed bright and optimistic mood. However, some charity posters which overly stressed the sufferings of war victims had possibilities of imparting anti-war messages. War-bonds posters which emerged from 1916 described the real situation of the front and more actively reflected the stance of the government. But the purpose of some war-bonds posters was vague and unarticulated as compared to the other belligerent posters.

참고자료

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