하이쿠에 나타나는 세시풍속과 그 감성 -바쇼·부손·잇사 하이쿠의 고셋쿠(五節句)를 중심으로- (Sentiment andTraditional Customs in Haiku: Focusing on Gosekku of Bashou, Buson, and Itusa)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국일어일문학회
· 수록지 정보 : 일어일문학연구 / 91권 / 2호 / 175 ~ 195페이지
· 저자명 : 박소현

초록

本稿では芭蕉·蕪村·一茶の俳句の中、五節句を扱った俳句を取り上げて、その当時の歳時風俗の姿と歳時風俗に対する感性を考察した。歳時風俗はとても廣い分野なので、それを特徴別に、江戸時代の祝日である五節句、日常生活の風習、宗教風習に分類した。また、芭蕉·蕪村·一茶は代表的な近世の俳人として認められ、彼らの作品は今まで好まれているので、彼らの表現や感性に基づいて歳時風俗の姿やその表現法、歳時風俗に対する感性とその変化などを探った。彼らの俳句を節句別に分類して分析した結果、彼らの作品に現れる共通的な特徴と差は次のようである。一、正月に関する句が一番多く、正月の風習 を表す語彙も多様である。貧しい生活の中でも自然に慰められて生きる姿勢が見られる。二、桃の節句に関する句は殆んど雛人形を詠んだ。蕪村は雛人形の様々な描写で雛祭りの風習を表した。三、端午の節句の場合、芭蕉も蕪村も幟と粽を詠んだ。桃の節句と端午の節句の行事は子供の健康を祈る祝いとして縮小されていると考えられる。四、七夕の節句に関する句では短冊のような華麗な行事などは見られず、綺麗な自然の調和や季節の変化に関するのが多い。しかし、蕪村は七夕の伝統的風習を表現した。一茶は七夕の情緒と離れ、とても諧謔的に詠んだ。また、一茶には桃の節句、端午の節句、菊の節句に関する句がない。五、芭蕉と蕪村は菊を対象にして表現したが、菊の節句に関する句は殆んど詠まなかった。彼らの菊は殆んど觀賞用のものであり、被綿の風習を表すものではない。このように歳時風俗を対象にした俳句には折々の特徴や自然現象、風俗の光景、その行事に対する心の働きが現れている。五節句以外に日本の一般生活の風習には相撲、田植え、更衣、砧などがある。それらに関することは今後の課題とする。

영어초록

This paper deals with traditional customs and the sentiments surrounding themrendered infive festivals(Gosekku) in a haiku of Basho, Buson, and Itusa. Given thebroad scope of the traditional customs, I classified them into general customs,religious ones and Gosekku, holiday of the Edo era according to their characteristics.
In addition, I investigated the major figures of Saizihuzoukon, their expression stylesand sentiments of Saizihuzoukon as Basho, Buson, and Itusa are recognized as majorhaiku poets and their works continue to be popular.
As a result of classifying their haikus according to Gokekku and analyzing them,their common characteristics and differences are as follows:1. The largest number of phrases address New Year holidays (Syougatu) and thevocabulary for expressing New Year holidays were diverse. Unyielding spirit isexpressed despite poverty.
2. Most phrases regarding the Girl's Festival(Momonosekku) handle the Hina doll.
Buson expressed Saizihuzouk of the Hina Festival through various descriptions ofthe doll.
3. As for the phrases that handled the Boy's Festival (Tangonosekku), both Bashoand Buson are limited to rice cake (Timaki) and flags (Nobori). Both the Girl'sFestival and the Boy's Festival are reduced to celebrations for the health of children.
4. Celebrations such as Tannzyaku are not found in the phrases addressing theStar Festival (Tanabata). Instead, they mainly deal wit the beauty of nature andseasonal changes. On the other hand, traditional customs of Tanabata remain in thephrases of Buson.I did not see any phrases of Itusa’s Tanabata and Tango. Inaddition, the phrases of Issa do not mention the Girl's Festival , the Boy's Festivaland Festival of the Chrysanthemum (Kikunosekku).5. Basho and Buson wrote about chrysanthemum but rarely about Kikunosekku.
The main purpose of their chrysanthemum is to appreciate, not to express the customsof the chrysanthemum covered with cotton (Kisewata).
In Haiku regarding traditional customs, characteristics of each season, naturalphenomenons of Saizihuzouk and the a flow of feelings for Saizihuzouk areexpressed. As time goes by, the traditional customs fade away and the sentimentssurrounding them change. However, they remain in everyday lives with Saiziki.Inaddition to Gosekku, there are other traditional customs of Japan such as Kinuta,sumo, rice-transplanting, the second lunar month (Koromogae), which are subjectsfor future research.

참고자료

· 없음