구조, 그 모자람과 넘침 - 프로프와 레비스트로스 설화학의 대립적 관점 - (Two Opposite Views on the Structure of Folktale - Vladimir Propp and Claude Lévi-Strauss -)

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초록

This paper aims to reveal two opposite views shown in Propp and Levi-Strauss on the structure of folktale.
Firstly, Propp describes the features of folktale genre by extracting the common features from many versions of tales through morphological analysis. Meanwhile, Levi-Strauss describes the common logic of cultures through analysing mythological texts. In this case, myth genre is not static and absolute, but dynamic and relative. In Levi-Srauss, existing concepts of myth genre are not significant any more.
Secondly, we can observe the differences of structurally articulated units suggested by two scholars. ‘Function’ in Propp always appears in tales statically and constantly. Meanwhile, ‘mytheme’ in Levi-Strauss appears in structure relatively and variably. Mytheme is created according to respective situations and the meaning of myth is described by means of various relations of mythemes. This process is situational and epistemological.
Finally, two opposite views on the concept of structure have to be emphasized. Propp describes the morphology of folktale focusing on form and insists that, in order to deal with residual content, another different researches are needed. Meanwhile, Lévi-Strauss seeks to complete structural strategies liquidating any residues by insisting that structure is exactly content itself.
From structural perspective, we can call Propp ‘under-structuralist’ who understands the structure of tales only as a form and Levi-Strauss ‘over-structuralist’ who understands it as a whole that contains everything in the world.

영어초록

This paper aims to reveal two opposite views shown in Propp and Levi-Strauss on the structure of folktale.
Firstly, Propp describes the features of folktale genre by extracting the common features from many versions of tales through morphological analysis. Meanwhile, Levi-Strauss describes the common logic of cultures through analysing mythological texts. In this case, myth genre is not static and absolute, but dynamic and relative. In Levi-Srauss, existing concepts of myth genre are not significant any more.
Secondly, we can observe the differences of structurally articulated units suggested by two scholars. ‘Function’ in Propp always appears in tales statically and constantly. Meanwhile, ‘mytheme’ in Levi-Strauss appears in structure relatively and variably. Mytheme is created according to respective situations and the meaning of myth is described by means of various relations of mythemes. This process is situational and epistemological.
Finally, two opposite views on the concept of structure have to be emphasized. Propp describes the morphology of folktale focusing on form and insists that, in order to deal with residual content, another different researches are needed. Meanwhile, Lévi-Strauss seeks to complete structural strategies liquidating any residues by insisting that structure is exactly content itself.
From structural perspective, we can call Propp ‘under-structuralist’ who understands the structure of tales only as a form and Levi-Strauss ‘over-structuralist’ who understands it as a whole that contains everything in the world.

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